A woman attends a prenatal visit and is told to start taking a folic acid supplement.
The Nurse Practitioner explains that this is to prevent:
To reduce risk of preeclampsia.
To improve nutrition.
To prevent patent ductus arteriosus.
Neural tube defects such as spina bifida.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Folic acid does not reduce the risk of preeclampsia. Instead, it is crucial for preventing neural tube defects in the developing fetus during early pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
While folic acid can improve overall nutrition, its primary importance during pregnancy is in preventing neural tube defects by aiding in proper neural development.
Choice C rationale
Folic acid does not prevent patent ductus arteriosus. It is specifically recommended to prevent neural tube defects like spina bifida by supporting proper neural tube closure.
Choice D rationale
Folic acid is essential for preventing neural tube defects such as spina bifida. It helps ensure the proper closure of the neural tube during early fetal development, reducing the risk of these defects.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Bladder distention may cause discomfort and urinary issues but is not directly related to cervical dilation and effacement, which involve changes in the cervix to prepare for labor.
Choice B rationale
False labor involves irregular contractions that do not lead to cervical dilation and effacement. These are often called Braxton Hicks contractions and do not result in significant cervical changes.
Choice C rationale
The cervical mucus plug coming out, also known as the "bloody show," indicates that the cervix is beginning to dilate and efface, which are preparatory processes for labor to occur.
Choice D rationale
Lightening refers to the descent of the baby into the pelvis, which typically occurs in the later stages of pregnancy and does not directly involve cervical dilation and effacement processes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While iron-rich foods are important, the decrease in hematocrit is primarily due to hemodilution rather than inadequate iron intake. Hemodilution occurs as plasma volume increases more than red cell mass.
Choice B rationale
Hematocrit changes in pregnancy are typically not indicative of a serious problem but a normal physiological adaptation. Hemodilution reduces hematocrit without indicating a pathological condition.
Choice C rationale
During pregnancy, plasma volume increases by approximately 50%, while red cell mass increases by about 30%, leading to hemodilution. This physiological change results in a lower hematocrit value.
Choice D rationale
Although hematocrit decreases due to hemodilution, it does not mean that there is a deficiency in red blood cell production. It reflects the dilution effect of increased plasma volume during pregnancy.
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