A student asked the pharmacology instructor to describe the function of a cholinergic agonist.
What would be the instructor’s reply?
Cholinergic agonist decreases the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor sites throughout the body.
Cholinergic agonist decreases the activity of norepinephrine throughout the body.
Cholinergic agonist increases the activity of dopamine receptor sites throughout the brain and spinal cord.
Cholinergic agonist increases the activity of acetylcholine receptor sites throughout the body.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
This choice is incorrect. Cholinergic agonists primarily affect acetylcholine receptors, not GABA receptors. GABA receptors are involved in the inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system and are the target of different drug classes, such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates, which are not related to cholinergic agonists.
Choice B rationale
This choice is incorrect. Cholinergic agonists do not decrease norepinephrine activity. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter involved in the sympathetic nervous system response, which is different from the cholinergic system. Drugs that decrease norepinephrine activity would have a different mechanism of action, such as adrenergic antagonists.
Choice C rationale
This choice is incorrect. The primary action of cholinergic agonists is not to increase dopamine activity. Dopamine is another neurotransmitter involved in various brain functions, including reward and motor control. Cholinergic agonists specifically target acetylcholine receptors, enhancing their activity, which is not related to dopamine receptors.
Choice D rationale
This choice is correct. Cholinergic agonists increase the activity of acetylcholine receptor sites throughout the body. These drugs mimic the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in the parasympathetic nervous system, which regulates functions such as muscle contraction, gland secretion, and heart rate. Enhancing acetylcholine activity helps in conditions like myasthenia gravis and certain types of glaucoma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) is not a priority action for a patient who has received a narcotic analgesic. The priority should be to ensure the patient’s safety and prevent falls, which can occur due to the sedative effects of narcotics.
Choice B rationale
Putting side rails up and placing the bed in the lowest position is essential for patient safety. Narcotics can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired coordination, increasing the risk of falls. Ensuring the bed is in the lowest position and side rails are up helps prevent injury if the patient tries to get up.
Choice C rationale
Encouraging fluids is beneficial for many patients, but it is not the priority action when a patient has received a narcotic analgesic. Hydration is important but secondary to ensuring the patient’s immediate safety.
Choice D rationale
Creating a restful, dark environment may help the patient rest, but it does not directly address the immediate safety needs of a patient who has received a narcotic analgesic. The focus should be on preventing falls and injury.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While nicotine use is a health concern, it does not directly relate to the safety of atorvastatin (Lipitor). However, smoking cessation is advisable for overall cardiovascular health.
Choice B rationale
Caffeine intake is not a primary concern related to the safety of atorvastatin. Monitoring other lifestyle factors like diet and exercise is more relevant.
Choice C rationale
Herbal therapy may interact with atorvastatin, but the primary safety concern is alcohol intake, which can increase the risk of liver damage when combined with atorvastatin.
Choice D rationale
Alcohol consumption is a significant concern when taking atorvastatin, as it can increase the risk of liver damage. Patients are advised to limit alcohol intake to prevent adverse effects. .
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