A peripheral IV (PIV) is started in the left hand with a 20-gauge catheter.

Lab specimens are drawn.

IV fluids of lactated Ringer's started infusing at 75 mL/hour.

Contractions are now every 4 minutes, lasting 45 seconds.

Mother says they are getting more painful.

She and her husband are instructed on slow breathing and relaxation techniques.

Husband will assist with her breathing.

Client is instructed she can have pain medication if she needs it until time for epidural.

Choice A rationale

A client with a positive Mantoux test and sputum cultures positive for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) requires a negative airflow room and airborne precautions. This is to prevent the spread of tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease that can be transmitted through airborne particles. The use of a particulate respirator mask by healthcare personnel is essential in protecting themselves from inhaling infectious aerosols. Implementing these precautions is critical in controlling the spread of TB within healthcare settings and ensuring patient and staff safety.

Choice B rationale

A client with genital herpes simplex II lesions does not require a negative airflow room or airborne precautions. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected lesions or body fluids. Standard precautions, including contact precautions when dealing with lesions, are adequate to prevent the spread of HSV. Negative airflow rooms and airborne precautions are not necessary for managing this condition.

Choice C rationale

Scarlet fever, complicated with pneumonia, primarily requires standard and droplet precautions rather than airborne precautions. Scarlet fever is caused by group A Streptococcus, which is spread through respiratory droplets. While pneumonia can increase the severity of the infection, negative airflow rooms and particulate respirators are not typically required. Droplet precautions, such as wearing masks and maintaining distance, are sufficient to prevent transmission.

Choice D rationale

Scabies is a parasitic infestation that spreads through direct skin-to-skin contact or contact with contaminated items such as bedding and clothing. Negative airflow rooms and airborne precautions are not necessary for managing scabies. Standard and contact precautions, including wearing gloves and gowns and thoroughly cleaning and disinfecting contaminated items, are adequate to prevent the spread of the mites causing scabies. The use of a particulate respirator mask is not required.

Choice A rationale

Consulting with a nurse who shares the same religious beliefs may provide insight, but it may not fully address the client's unique care preferences and individual needs.

Choice B rationale

Researching the religion on social media platforms can offer information, but it is not a substitute for understanding the client's specific preferences and requirements.

Choice C rationale

Asking the client about individual care preferences is the best approach, ensuring that care is personalized and respectful of the client's religious beliefs, leading to better compliance and satisfaction.

Choice D rationale

Explaining that every client receives the same high level of care is important but does not address the client's specific religious concerns and preferences.