A patient with gout has been instructed on the prescribed medication allopurinol (Zyloprim). Which patient statement indicates understanding of the action of this medication?
It increases formation of purines.
It blocks formation of uric acid.
It increases metabolism of purines.
It excretes proteins.
The Correct Answer is B
A. It increases formation of purines: This is incorrect. Allopurinol works by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is involved in the conversion of purines to uric acid. Therefore, it reduces, rather than increases, uric acid formation.
B. It blocks formation of uric acid: This is correct. Allopurinol decreases uric acid production by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which converts xanthine to uric acid, thus helping to prevent gout attacks and manage chronic gout.
C. It increases metabolism of purines: Allopurinol does not increase the metabolism of purines. Instead, it reduces the conversion of purines to uric acid, which is the substance that accumulates and causes gout.
D. It excretes proteins: Allopurinol does not facilitate the excretion of proteins. Its primary action is to reduce the production of uric acid.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Asks patient to self-position leg: This is not advisable because the patient may not have the strength or capability to safely reposition the leg, especially if they are in pain or sedated.
B. Monitors dampness of cast and avoids moving it until it is dry: The cast may need to be moved before it is completely dry, for example, for patient comfort or to prevent pressure ulcers. Delaying repositioning may cause complications.
C. Uses palms to move the cast: This is the correct method. Using the palms prevents indentations in the cast that could create pressure points and lead to skin breakdown. Fingers can create pressure points that can dent the cast, compromising its integrity and potentially causing skin issues.
D. Uses fingers to grasp cast: Using fingertips can create indentations in the cast, which can lead to pressure sores or improper bone alignment.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Permanent structural changes in my kidneys and eyes have already occurred.": This statement is more indicative of the complications of chronic, uncontrolled hypertension, whether primary or secondary. It does not reflect understanding that secondary hypertension is due to a specific, often treatable cause.
B. "My blood pressure can return to normal with treatment of my kidney disease.": This statement correctly reflects an understanding of secondary hypertension, which is caused by an underlying condition (like kidney disease). Treating the underlying condition can potentially normalize blood pressure.
C. "I don't know the cause of my hypertension.": This statement reflects primary (essential) hypertension, where the cause is generally unknown.
D. "My essential hypertension must be treated with medications.": This statement describes essential hypertension, not secondary. Essential hypertension typically requires lifelong medication management.
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