A patient with a history of COPD Is being monitored for potential complications. Which of the following findings should the nurse report immediately as it may indicate the development of a complication?

Mild wheezing

Fatigue and general malaise

Increased sputum production

Sudden onset chest pain and dyspnea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Mild wheezing: Mild wheezing can be a common symptom in COPD and does not immediately indicate a severe complication unless it worsens suddenly.

B. Fatigue and general malaise: Fatigue and malaise are often chronic in COPD and do not necessarily indicate an acute complication.

C. Increased sputum production: While increased sputum could suggest an infection, it is not the most urgent sign of a severe complication.

D. Sudden onset chest pain and dyspnea: Sudden chest pain and dyspnea are concerning for a pneumothorax or pulmonary embolism, both of which are potential complications in COPD and require immediate attention.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Reduction of inflammation and suppression of immune responses. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation and suppresses immune responses, which can help manage the acute exacerbations of MS.

B. Stimulation of nerve regeneration. Methylprednisolone does not stimulate nerve regeneration; it focuses on reducing inflammation.

C. Improvement in cognitive function. Cognitive improvement is not a primary goal of methylprednisolone in MS management, though reducing inflammation may indirectly benefit cognition.

D. Increase in muscle strength and coordination. While reducing inflammation can improve symptoms, methylprednisolone itself does not directly increase muscle strength or coordination.

A. The gallbladder became infected by a virus and needs to be removed. B. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones, C. The gallbladder has become blocked by a tumor and is no longer working. D. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to a build-up of gallstones that are blocking the common bile duct.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The gallbladder became infected by a virus and needs to be removed. Gallstones are not caused by viral infections; they typically develop from an imbalance in the substances that make up bile, such as cholesterol and bilirubin.

B. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones. Cholesterol is a common component of gallstones, and these stones can cause inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), leading to the need for removal.

C. The gallbladder has become blocked by a tumor and is no longer working. Tumors can obstruct the gallbladder, but this is not the cause of gallstones or the primary reason for a cholecystectomy.

D. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to a build-up of gallstones that are blocking the common bile duct. This describes choledocholithiasis, a condition where gallstones block the common bile duct, but it is not the primary cause of gallbladder inflammation requiring a cholecystectomy.

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A patient with a history of COPD Is being monitored for potential complications. Which of the following findings should the nurse report immediately as it may indicate the development of a complication?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) is receiving treatment with methylprednisolone during an acute exacerbation. Which of the following is the expected therapeutic effect of this treatment?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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