A patient who is to receive a daily medication by the oral route has had nausea and vomiting for the last 24 hours. The best action to ensure that the patient receives the scheduled dose is to:

Withhold the dose for 1 hour and see whether the nausea subsides.

Have the patient take the pill with sips of water.

Have the patient take the pill with crackers.

Acquire an order to administer by the rectal or parenteral route.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Withholding delays treatment; nausea may persist, risking vomiting of the dose if given later, reducing bioavailability and therapeutic effect over time.

Choice B reason: Sips of water won’t prevent vomiting; with ongoing nausea, the oral dose is likely expelled, decreasing absorption and failing to deliver the medication effectively.

Choice C reason: Crackers may worsen nausea or fail to retain the dose; vomiting risks remain high, compromising oral administration’s reliability in this acute condition.

Choice D reason: Rectal or parenteral routes bypass the stomach, ensuring delivery despite vomiting; this maintains therapeutic levels, critical for efficacy in a nauseated patient.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Blood indicates vascular entry; discarding prevents unintended IV delivery of an IM drug, avoiding rapid absorption risks and ensuring proper route administration.

Choice B reason: Giving with blood risks IV administration; IM drugs aren’t formulated for this, potentially causing embolism or toxicity, violating safety administration principles.

Choice C reason: Changing the needle leaves contaminated medication; blood-mixed drugs are unsafe, and this fails to address the compromised dose integrity fully.

Choice D reason: Omitting skips treatment needlessly; the issue is procedural, not the order, and restarting ensures the patient receives the intended therapy safely.

A. Into the patient's vastus lateralis B. Into the patient's deltoid C. Into the patient's intravenous line D. Into the fatty tissue of the patient's abdomen

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Vastus lateralis is muscle; insulin given intramuscularly absorbs too fast, risking hypoglycemia, unlike the slower, safer subcutaneous route intended.

Choice B reason: Deltoid is also muscle; subcutaneous insulin isn’t given here as it’s not fatty enough, leading to unpredictable absorption rates versus abdominal tissue.

Choice C reason: Intravenous line is for IV drugs; insulin via IV is rare and only in emergencies, not standard subcutaneous orders, risking rapid overdose effects.

Choice D reason: Abdominal fat is ideal for subcutaneous insulin; it ensures steady absorption into capillaries, maintaining glycemic control per pharmacokinetic principles.

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A patient who is to receive a daily medication by the oral route has had nausea and vomiting for the last 24 hours. The best action to ensure that the patient receives the scheduled dose is to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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