A patient who is HIV-positive has been receiving medication therapy that includes zidovudine.
The prescriber has decided to stop the zidovudine due to its dose-limiting adverse effect.
Which of these conditions is the dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine therapy?
Bone marrow suppression
Retinitis
Renal toxicity
Hepatotoxicity
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Zidovudine, also known as AZT, is a medication used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. One of the major dose-limiting toxic effects of Zidovudine is hematologic toxicity, which manifests clinically as anemia, neutropenia, and sometimes as platelet deficits with onset after several weeks of treatment. This hematologic toxicity is essentially a form of bone marrow suppression. Therefore, bone marrow suppression is the dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine therapy.
Choice B rationale:
Retinitis is not a known dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine. While zidovudine has a range of side effects, retinitis is not commonly associated with its use.
Choice C rationale:
Renal toxicity is not a known dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine. While zidovudine can have various side effects, renal toxicity is not typically one of them.
Choice D rationale:
Hepatotoxicity is not the dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine. While severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of zidovudine, it is not considered the dose-limiting adverse effect. The dose-limiting adverse effect is more specifically related to hematologic toxicity, which includes bone marrow suppression.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This choice suggests that the nurse is advising the patient to take the medication first and then check with the doctor. This is not a safe practice. The nurse should always verify any doubts or concerns before administering the medication. Administering an unfamiliar medication can lead to adverse effects if it turns out to be incorrect.
Choice B rationale:
This choice implies that if a medication is listed on the medication administration record (MAR), it must be correct. However, errors can occur when transcribing medication orders onto the MAR. Therefore, it’s crucial for the nurse to verify any concerns or doubts before administering the medication.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct choice. If a patient expresses concern about a medication, the nurse should always check the order before administering it. This is a fundamental aspect of patient safety and medication administration. It ensures that the right patient receives the right medication at the right dose via the right route at the right time.
Choice D rationale:
This choice suggests that because the medication is listed on the medication sheet, the patient should take it. However, this does not address the patient’s concern about the unfamiliar medication. It’s important for the nurse to validate the patient’s concern and verify the medication order before administration.
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Instructing the client to soak his feet daily is not recommended for individuals with diabetes. Soaking the feet can increase the risk of foot problems, particularly if the person has nerve damage or poor blood flow. It can lead to dry and cracked skin, which can increase the risk of infection. Therefore, this intervention should not be included in the care plan.
Choice B rationale:
Assisting the client in developing an individualized meal plan is a crucial intervention for managing type 2 diabetes. Meal planning is the first step in healthy eating and is especially important for people with diabetes because food directly impacts blood glucose levels. An individualized meal plan considers the person’s goals, tastes, lifestyle, and any medicines they’re taking. Therefore, this intervention should be included in the care plan.
Choice C rationale:
Checking the client’s blood glucose level before meals and at bedtime is an essential part of managing diabetes. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels can help track the effect of diabetes medicines, understand how diet and exercise affect blood glucose levels, and detect if blood glucose levels are high or low. Therefore, this intervention should be included in the care plan.
Choice D rationale:
Administering an extra dose of insulin if the client’s blood glucose level drops to 50 mg/dl is not recommended. If a person’s blood glucose level is already low, administering additional insulin can lead to an insulin overdose, which can be lifethreatening. Therefore, this intervention should not be included in the care plan.
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