A patient on dialysis asks why he is receiving aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel), a phosphate binder, for his renal disorder. What should the nurse explain regarding the action of that Amphojel?
Increases the appetite
Corrects the pH of the bowel
Calms the frequent upset stomach experienced by patients on dialysis
Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level
The Correct Answer is D
A. Increases the appetite: Aluminum hydroxide does not have an appetite-stimulating effect.
B. Corrects the pH of the bowel: Aluminum hydroxide does not directly alter bowel pH; it is used to bind phosphate.
C. Calms the frequent upset stomach experienced by patients on dialysis: Although aluminum hydroxide can reduce stomach acid, its primary use in this context is as a phosphate binder.
D. Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level: Aluminum hydroxide binds dietary phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing serum phosphorus levels. This helps manage the calcium-phosphorus balance, preventing complications like bone demineralization.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Metronidazole (Flagyl): Metronidazole is used for anaerobic infections and protozoal infections but is not a first-line treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs).
B. Meperidine (Demerol): This is an analgesic, not an antimicrobial agent; it addresses pain but not the infection.
C. Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine): This is used to manage urinary retention, not infection.
D. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro): Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is commonly prescribed for UTIs, especially when blood results indicate infection (elevated WBC count).
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Flat plate: A flat plate of the abdomen (plain X-ray) is safe and does not involve contrast dye.
B. Intravenous pyelogram: This procedure involves the use of contrast dye, which is nephrotoxic and contraindicated in patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes mellitus due to the risk of worsening kidney function.
C. Ultrasonography: Ultrasounds do not involve dye or radiation and are safe for patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes.
D. Renal scan: While renal scans can involve radioactive material, they are generally safer for assessing kidney function in these patients compared to an IV pyelogram.
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