A patient on dialysis asks why he is receiving aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel), a phosphate binder, for his renal disorder. What should the nurse explain regarding the action of that Amphojel?
Increases the appetite
Corrects the pH of the bowel
Calms the frequent upset stomach experienced by patients on dialysis
Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level
The Correct Answer is D
A. Increases the appetite: Aluminum hydroxide does not have an appetite-stimulating effect.
B. Corrects the pH of the bowel: Aluminum hydroxide does not directly alter bowel pH; it is used to bind phosphate.
C. Calms the frequent upset stomach experienced by patients on dialysis: Although aluminum hydroxide can reduce stomach acid, its primary use in this context is as a phosphate binder.
D. Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level: Aluminum hydroxide binds dietary phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing serum phosphorus levels. This helps manage the calcium-phosphorus balance, preventing complications like bone demineralization.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter: Ureteral stones may cause flank pain or hematuria, but symptoms like urgency and cloudy urine are more indicative of infection.
B. Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination: The symptoms of urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain, and dark, cloudy urine strongly suggest bacterial cystitis (UTI).
C. Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis: Pyelonephritis typically presents with systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, and flank pain, which are not described here.
D. Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient): Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition that is not usually associated with cloudy urine or bacterial contamination.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Leaving the nephrostomy site open to air: The nephrostomy site should be covered with a sterile dressing to prevent infection.
B. Instilling no more than 50 mL of sterile water if sterile irrigations are ordered: Irrigation should be done with care, and no more than 5-10 mL of sterile solution is typically instilled to avoid kidney damage.
C. Clamping every 2 hours to allow expansion of the kidney pelvis: Clamping the nephrostomy tube is contraindicated as it can lead to increased pressure in the kidney, worsening the obstruction and potentially causing damage.
D. Being certain the tube is connected, not kinked, or not clamped to ensure that it continually drains: Ensuring the tube remains patent and continuously drains is essential to avoid complications such as hydronephrosis or infection.
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