A patient is taking ACEl enalapril Vasotec. The nurse understands that patients taking this type of drug for hypertension need to be monitored carefully for:

Hypernatremia

Hypokalemia

Hypertension

Hyperkalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is not typically associated with ACE inhibitors like enalapril. These medications do not significantly affect sodium levels in the body.

Choice B reason: Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is not a common concern with ACE inhibitors. In fact, these medications can sometimes cause the opposite effect, leading to higher potassium levels.

Choice C reason: Hypertension (high blood pressure) is the condition that ACE inhibitors like enalapril are prescribed to treat. While monitoring blood pressure is important, it is not the specific concern related to potassium levels.

Choice D reason: Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) is a significant concern for patients taking ACE inhibitors like enalapril. These medications can increase potassium levels in the blood, which can lead to serious complications such as cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, patients need to be monitored carefully for signs of hyperkalemia, and their potassium levels should be checked regularly.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Protein restriction is not a primary treatment for prerenal kidney injury. While managing protein intake can be important in chronic kidney disease to reduce the workload on the kidneys, it is not directly relevant to the acute management of prerenal kidney injury, which primarily involves restoring adequate blood flow to the kidneys.

Choice B reason: Potassium supplementation is not typically necessary for prerenal kidney injury. In fact, in many cases of kidney injury, there is a risk of hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) due to reduced kidney function. Therefore, potassium levels need to be monitored, but supplementation is not a standard treatment.

Choice C reason: Fluid administration to increase cardiac output is the appropriate therapy for prerenal kidney injury. Prerenal kidney injury is caused by reduced blood flow to the kidneys, often due to factors like hypovolemia (low blood volume) or heart failure. Administering fluids helps to restore adequate blood flow and perfusion to the kidneys, which can improve kidney function and resolve the prerenal injury.

Choice D reason: Fluid restriction is not appropriate for prerenal kidney injury, which is characterized by reduced blood flow to the kidneys. In cases where hypovolemia or low cardiac output is the cause, restricting fluids would worsen the condition. Instead, increasing fluid intake helps to restore adequate perfusion to the kidneys.

A. There is a 25% chance that the offspring will be a carrier. B. There is a 50% chance that the offspring will be a carrier. C. There is a 75% chance that the offspring will be a carrier. D. There is a 100% chance that the offspring will be a carrier.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: There is not a 25% chance that the offspring will be a carrier. In the case of recessive disorders, if one parent is affected (homozygous recessive) and the other parent is a carrier (heterozygous), the offspring has a different probability of being a carrier or affected.

Choice B reason: There is a 50% chance that the offspring will be a carrier. If the mother is affected (aa) and the father is a carrier (Aa), each child has a 50% chance of inheriting one recessive allele (a) from the mother and one normal allele (A) from the father, making them a carrier (Aa).

Choice C reason: There is not a 75% chance that the offspring will be a carrier. The probability of the offspring being a carrier or affected follows specific Mendelian inheritance patterns, which do not result in a 75% carrier rate.

Choice D reason: There is not a 100% chance that the offspring will be a carrier. While there is a significant likelihood of the offspring being affected or a carrier, it is not guaranteed that all offspring will be carriers.

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A patient is taking ACEl enalapril Vasotec. The nurse understands that patients taking this type of drug for hypertension need to be monitored carefully for:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Appropriate therapy for prerenal kidney injury includes:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A couple seeks counseling about the risk of their child developing a recessive disorder. The woman is affected and upon further testing it is determined that the man is a carrier. Which of the following is true?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Manifestations associated with hepatic encephalopathy from chronic liver disease are the result of:

A patient has a positive Chvostek sign. The nurse interprets this as a sign of:

Postrenal acute kidney injury may be caused by:

A person with acute pyelonephritis would most typically experience:

A couple seeks counseling about the risk of their child developing a recessive disorder. The woman is affected and upon further testing it is determined that the man is a carrier. Which of the following is true?

Radioactive iodine treatment is the therapy of choice in patients with Graves' disease. The patient should be prepared:

A patient presents with severe chest pain and shortness of breath and is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. The embolism most likely originated from the:

A 54-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would be expected in this patient?