A patient has new onset type I diabetes mellitus and asks why they need to check their blood glucose level so often. The nurse explains frequent monitoring is necessary to keep the blood glucose level stable for which of the following reasons?
High glucose levels cause the body to use proteins for energy, causing lactic acidosis.
Chronic elevated blood glucose levels damage cells and cause long-term chronic organ dysfunction.
Early identification of hypoglycemia is easier to treat resulting in better outcomes.
Carbohydrates are constantly being converted to glucose and utilized for extra energy stores.
The Correct Answer is B
A. High glucose levels cause the body to use proteins for energy, causing lactic acidosis – While hyperglycemia can lead to ketosis, it does not directly cause lactic acidosis.
B. Chronic elevated blood glucose levels damage cells and cause long-term chronic organ dysfunction – Hyperglycemia leads to complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy, making glucose control essential.
C. Early identification of hypoglycemia is easier to treat resulting in better outcomes – While important, the primary reason for frequent monitoring is to prevent long-term complications.
D. Carbohydrates are constantly being converted to glucose and utilized for extra energy stores – This statement is not specific to diabetes management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Allergic – An allergic reaction typically presents with itching, rash, and wheezing rather than fever, chills, and hematuria.
B. Hemolytic – Correct Answer. A hemolytic reaction occurs when the immune system attacks transfused red blood cells due to incompatibility. Symptoms include fever, chills, hypotension, back pain, and hematuria (red-tinged urine). This is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.
C. Acute pain – Acute pain transfusion reaction is rare and mainly presents with severe chest, back, and joint pain, without fever or hematuria.
D. Febrile – Febrile reactions cause fever and chills but do not typically cause hematuria, which is indicative of hemolysis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. High fever. – Incorrect. Fever can occur with infection but is not a hallmark sign of sickle cell crisis.
B. Constipation. – Incorrect. Constipation is not a defining symptom of sickle cell crisis.
C. Bradycardia. – Incorrect. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is common due to pain and hypoxia.
D. Pain. – Correct Answer. Severe pain is the most common symptom of sickle cell crisis due to vaso-occlusion and ischemia.
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