A patient asks how metformin works to control blood sugar. What is the nurse's best response?

"Metformin stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin."

"Metformin increases the absorption of glucose in the intestines."

"Metformin decreases glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity."

"Metformin decreases the breakdown of fat in the body."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Metformin does not stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin; that action is characteristic of sulfonylureas.

B. Metformin does not increase the absorption of glucose in the intestines; rather, it works by reducing the amount of glucose released into the bloodstream.

C. Metformin primarily decreases glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, which helps lower blood sugar levels. This makes it effective for managing type 2 diabetes.

D. While metformin can have effects on fat metabolism, its primary action is not to decrease fat breakdown but to manage blood glucose levels.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Sitting up comfortably in bed is not ideal for nasal spray administration; the client should be in an upright position, possibly sitting on the edge of a chair.

B. Tilting the head slightly to the side is correct; this position helps the medication to be delivered effectively to the nasal passages.

C. Inserting the tip of the nose piece into one nostril is correct; this ensures that the medication is delivered directly into the nasal cavity.

D. Holding the breath for a few seconds after administering the spray is correct; this allows for better absorption of the medication in the nasal mucosa.

E. Blowing the nose 1 minute after administering the spray is incorrect; the client should avoid blowing their nose for at least a few minutes after administration to allow the medication to be absorbed effectively.

A. "You will lose less potassium with spironolactone than with furosemide." B. "You will have greater potassium losses with spironolactone than with furosemide." C. "You will have greater water losses with spironolactone than with furosemide." D. "You will have greater sodium losses with spironolactone than with furosemide."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps retain potassium while promoting sodium and water excretion. This makes it advantageous for clients who may be at risk for hypokalemia with furosemide, which can lead to significant potassium loss.

B. This statement is incorrect; spironolactone causes less potassium loss compared to furosemide, making it a better option for those needing to maintain potassium levels.

C. This statement is misleading; spironolactone does promote diuresis but does not cause greater water losses than furosemide.

D. This is incorrect; while spironolactone does promote sodium excretion, it does not do so to a greater extent than furosemide, which is a more potent diuretic.

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A patient asks how metformin works to control blood sugar. What is the nurse's best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a client how to use nasal spray. What will the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A client asks, "Why is my prescription being switched from furosemide to spironolactone?" What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Order: IV Fluids: LR @ 85 mL/hr Tubing Factor: 20 gtts/mL How many gtts/min are the IV fluids infusing? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.

A patient receiving heparin therapy develops bruising and bleeding gums. What should the nurse suspect and what is the appropriate action?

What client is most likely to have impaired drug metabolism?

A client with acute joint inflammation tells the nurse, "I've been taking acetaminophen as it's ordered on the bottle, but my swelling and inflammation doesn't seem to be getting better." What should the nurse teach the client?

A client has been diagnosed with an infection. The nurse can help to ensure the success of anti-infective treatment by

A patient is prescribed long-acting insulin (glargine) for basal control of blood glucose. Which statement by the nurse is correct when educating the patient?

When administering an opioid antagonist drug to a client, the primary goal of the therapy is to provide: