A nurse planning primary disease prevention interventions for a 64-year-old patient includes which of the following? Select all that apply.

Identifying several local smoking cessation support groups.

Giving an influenza vaccination in early autumn of each year.

Suggesting the patient attend "Cooking to Manage Hypertension" classes taught by a registered dietician

Providing the patient with a take-home occult stool screening kit

Giving a pneumococcal vaccination to celebrate the patients 65th birthday.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

A. This option is relevant to primary disease prevention because it aims to prevent smoking-related diseases before they occur. By providing information about smoking cessation support groups, the nurse helps the patient reduce or eliminate a major risk factor for many serious diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. This aligns with the goals of primary prevention.

B.A This option is a form of primary disease prevention. The influenza vaccination helps prevent the flu before it starts, thus reducing the risk of illness and its complications. Vaccinations are a classic example of primary prevention, as they protect against diseases before they occur.
C.   This option also aligns with primary disease prevention. Teaching the patient about dietary changes to manage hypertension can help prevent the development of hypertension-related complications such as heart disease or stroke. By addressing dietary habits before hypertension develops, this intervention supports primary prevention.
D.   This option is not primarily a primary prevention measure. Occult stool screening kits are used for early detection of colorectal cancer, which is more about secondary prevention. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention to reduce the impact of a disease once it has already developed but before symptoms appear.
E.   This option represents primary disease prevention. The pneumococcal vaccine helps prevent pneumonia and other serious infections caused by pneumococcal bacteria. Vaccination, especially in older adults, is an effective method to prevent illness before it occurs, fitting the primary prevention category.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Limiting the number of visitors may be a necessary step if the patient is becoming overwhelmed or tired. However, this approach might not consider the cultural significance of extended family and community in Arab American culture, where family involvement is often highly valued.
B. Suggesting shorter visits is a more balanced approach. It acknowledges the patient's need for rest while still respecting the importance of family and community involvement. This action can help manage the patient's fatigue while allowing them to maintain cultural and familial connections. It’s a compromise that accommodates both the patient's health needs and cultural values.
C. Requiring visitors to check in at the front desk can help manage visitor flow and ensure that the patient is not overwhelmed. However, this action does not directly address the issue of visitor duration or frequency, which might still lead to patient fatigue. It also might not align with cultural expectations of openness and hospitality in Arab American culture, where family and visitors are often seen as central to the patient’s well-being.
D. Allowing only family members to visit might help reduce the number of visitors and ensure that the patient receives support from those closest to them. However, this approach may be too restrictive and could potentially isolate the patient from their broader support network, which might be an important aspect of their cultural practices. It also does not address the underlying issue of managing visitor fatigue.

A. "Would you describe your bowel movements as usually normal?" B. "Do you have a problem with constipation?" C. Have your bowel movements changed recently? D. "How often do you usually have a bowel movement?"

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This question can provide some subjective data, but it is somewhat vague and open-ended. It may not elicit detailed information about specific changes or issues related to bowel health. The term "normal" can be interpreted differently by different individuals, leading to potentially ambiguous responses.
B.A This question is direct and focused on a specific issue—constipation. It is useful for identifying if the patient is experiencing problems with bowel movements, but it may not capture the full range of bowel health issues or provide insight into other aspects of bowel function such as frequency, consistency, or recent changes.
C. This question is effective in obtaining subjective data because it prompts the patient to consider and describe any recent changes in their bowel habits. Changes in bowel movements can be indicative of underlying health issues, and this question encourages the patient to provide specific information about any deviations from their usual pattern, such as increased or decreased frequency, consistency changes, or the presence of pain.
D. This question directly addresses the frequency of bowel movements, which is a key component of bowel health. It helps establish a baseline for normal bowel patterns for the individual. However, it does not address other aspects of bowel health such as consistency, difficulty, or recent changes.

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A nurse planning primary disease prevention interventions for a 64-year-old patient includes which of the following? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for an Arab American patient in the hospital. The patient has many visitors who seem to be tiring the patient. What action by the nurse is best?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When assessing the older adult for bowel health, the nurse is most effective in obtaining subjective data when asking:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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The nurse most effectively implements guided reminiscence during a patient interview by

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