A nurse needs to obtain anthropometric measures of an 80-year-old client. Which of the following statements is true regarding this situation?

Muscle atrophy will increase BMI

Height may decrease due to changes in bone density. C. Increased skin elasticity will affect the waist hip ratio.

Increased muscle mass will affect the mid-call circumference measurements.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Muscle atrophy, which typically occurs in older adults, may actually reduce BMI, not increase it, because muscle mass decreases with age.
B.   Height may decrease due to changes in bone density. As people age, bone density decreases, and the vertebrae can compress, leading to a loss in height. This is a common occurrence in older adults.
C.   Increased skin elasticity will affect the waist-hip ratio. Skin elasticity does not directly affect the waistto-hip ratio. The waist-to-hip ratio is more related to fat distribution than to skin elasticity.
D.   Increased muscle mass will affect the mid-arm circumference measurements. Older adults typically experience muscle loss, not an increase in muscle mass, so this statement would not be accurate for an elderly client.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The ballottement test involves pressing on the knee joint to check for the presence of fluid, which can indicate joint effusion.
B. The McMurray test is used to assess for meniscal tears, not for fluid around the patella.
C. The Tinel sign is used to assess for nerve compression, not fluid accumulation.
D. The Phalen test is used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome, not to assess for joint effusion.

A. Brainstem B. Cerebellum C. Extrapyramidal tract D. Thalamus

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The brainstem controls basic life functions but is not primarily responsible for balance.
B. The cerebellum is directly involved in maintaining balance and coordination. Issues with the cerebellum would likely cause unsteadiness and difficulty in maintaining balance.
C. The extrapyramidal system influences motor control but is less directly responsible for balance compared to the cerebellum.
D. The thalamus acts as a relay center for sensory and motor signals but does not specifically control balance.

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A nurse needs to obtain anthropometric measures of an 80-year-old client. Which of the following statements is true regarding this situation?

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