A nurse manager is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about Mantoux testing. Which of the following clients should the nurse manager include as an example of a client who might manifest a false-positive reading?
A client who has undergone radiation therapy within the last 3 years
A client who has received the bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine within the last 10 years
A client who has acquired immune deficiency syndrome
A client who has lived in a country where tuberculosis is endemic
The Correct Answer is B
A. A client who has undergone radiation therapy within the last 3 years: Radiation therapy may suppress the immune response, potentially leading to a false-negative rather than a false-positive Mantoux test due to reduced ability to mount a reaction.
B. A client who has received the bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine within the last 10 years: The BCG vaccine can cause a false-positive Mantoux result because the vaccine uses a strain of Mycobacterium bovis, which can trigger a reaction similar to TB exposure in skin testing.
C. A client who has acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Clients with AIDS are immunocompromised, which increases the likelihood of a false-negative Mantoux result, as their immune systems may not respond sufficiently to the test.
D. A client who has lived in a country where tuberculosis is endemic: This client is at higher risk for true TB exposure, and a positive result is more likely to reflect actual infection rather than a false-positive reaction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
Rationale for Correct Choices:
- Teach healthcare workers how to distinguish the disease from chickenpox: Smallpox and chickenpox may initially present with similar rash-like symptoms. Rapid and accurate recognition by healthcare workers is critical to implement isolation protocols and prevent further transmission in a bioterrorism event.
- Vaccinate laboratory workers against the disease: Laboratory workers who may handle specimens suspected of containing smallpox virus are at high occupational risk. Pre-exposure vaccination is appropriate for these individuals to protect them during diagnostic and investigative procedures.
Rationale for Incorrect Choices:
- Obtain standing orders to treat infected individuals with ciprofloxacin: Ciprofloxacin is not effective against smallpox, which is caused by a virus. Using an antibiotic would not provide benefit unless there were bacterial complications. The preferred antiviral agent for smallpox is tecovirimat (TPOXX).
- Perform routine screening to identify infected animals: Smallpox does not occur in animals; it has no animal reservoir. Screening animals would not contribute to disease surveillance or prevention and is not a necessary step in smallpox preparedness.
- Implement routine vaccination for the disease for the general public population: Routine smallpox vaccination was stopped decades ago after global eradication. In a bioterrorism scenario, targeted vaccination (ring vaccination) would be used rather than mass immunization.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Decreased nausea: Ginger is well-documented for its antiemetic properties. It helps relieve various types of nausea, including that caused by motion sickness, pregnancy, chemotherapy, and postoperative recovery by acting on the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system.
B. Decreased manifestations of menopause: While some herbal remedies like black cohosh or soy are used for menopausal symptoms, ginger is not commonly used for hot flashes or hormonal regulation, so this would not be an appropriate indicator of its effectiveness.
C. Decreased manifestations of allergy: There is limited evidence suggesting that ginger plays a significant role in alleviating allergic symptoms. It is not considered a primary alternative therapy for allergy treatment.
D. Decreased eczema: Ginger does not have recognized therapeutic value for eczema. Other topical treatments or dietary interventions are more commonly used for managing this skin condition.
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