A nurse manager in a local community health agency is creating a job description for a new nurse who will practice community-oriented nursing. Which of the following should the nurse include in the job description? (Select all that apply)

Choice A reason: The vaccine is not the host, as it is not a living organism that can be infected by the virus. The vaccine is a preventive measure that can reduce the risk of contracting mumps by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the virus.

Choice B reason: The virus is not the host, as it is the agent that causes the disease. The virus is a microscopic particle that can only replicate inside the cells of a living host.

Choice C reason: The school is not the host, as it is the environment that facilitates the transmission of the virus. The school is a place where many children gather and interact, which increases the exposure and contact with the virus.

Choice D reason: The children are the host, as they are the living organisms that can be infected by the virus. The children are susceptible to the virus because they may not have been vaccinated or have not developed immunity from previous exposure. The children can also spread the virus to others through respiratory droplets or saliva.

Choice A reason: Determining the client's understanding of her living situation is the first action that the nurse should take. This is based on the principle of client-centered care, which states that the nurse should respect the client's values, preferences, and needs, and involve the client in the decision-making process. The nurse should assess the client's perception of her homelessness, the factors that contributed to it, and the resources that are available to her.

Choice B reason: Assisting the client to develop goals for obtaining shelter is not the first action that the nurse should take. This is an important intervention, but it should be done after the nurse has assessed the client's understanding of her living situation and explored the client's readiness and motivation to change.

Choice C reason: Discussing the risks of being homeless with the client is not the first action that the nurse should take. This is an important intervention, but it should be done after the nurse has assessed the client's understanding of her living situation and established a trusting relationship with the client. The nurse should avoid being judgmental or paternalistic, and instead use a harm reduction approach that focuses on minimizing the negative consequences of homelessness.

Choice D reason: Developing client teaching using a variety of strategies is not the first action that the nurse should take. This is an important intervention, but it should be done after the nurse has assessed the client's understanding of her living situation and identified the client's learning needs and preferences. The nurse should use strategies that are appropriate for the client's literacy level, language, culture, and cognitive ability.