A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension about lifestyle modifications to lower blood pressure.

Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Keep the drainage system below the level of the client's chest.

Rationale: Keeping the drainage system below the level of the client's chest prevents backflow of fluid into the pleural space and maintains negative pressure in the system.

Incorrect options:

A) Clamp the chest tube periodically to check for air leaks. - This is an incorrect action, as clamping the chest tube can cause a tension pneumothorax or impair lung re-expansion. The nurse should only clamp the chest tube briefly when changing the drainage system or when ordered by the provider.

C) Empty the drainage chamber when it is half full. - This is an incorrect action, as emptying the drainage chamber can disrupt the water seal and allow air to enter the pleural space. The nurse should only empty the drainage chamber when it is full or when changing the system.

D) Add sterile water to the suction control chamber as needed. - This is an incorrect action, as adding sterile water to the suction control chamber can increase or decrease the amount of suction applied to the chest tube, depending on whether water is added or removed. The nurse should only add sterile water to the water seal chamber if it falls below the 2 cm mark.

Place the client in a negative pressure isolation room.

Rationale: Placing the client in a negative pressure isolation room is an intervention that prevents the transmission of TB to other clients and staff. Negative pressure rooms have ventilation systems that create a lower pressure inside the room than outside, causing air to flow into the room and preventing air from escaping.

Incorrect options:

B) Administer a single antitubercular medication daily. - This is an incorrect intervention, as TB requires combination therapy with multiple antitubercular medications to prevent drug resistance and ensure effective treatment. The standard regimen for TB consists of four drugs: isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.

C) Obtain three consecutive sputum cultures for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). - This is an intervention that is done before the diagnosis of TB is confirmed, not after. Sputum cultures for AFB are used to identify the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Three consecutive negative sputum cultures are required to declare the client noninfectious.

D) Instruct the client to wear a surgical mask when outside the room. - This is an incorrect intervention, as surgical masks do not provide adequate protection against TB. The client should wear a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator when outside the room, which filters out 99.97% of airborne particles.