A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about how to prevent hypoglycemia when taking insulin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I should eat a snack before exercising."

"I should skip a meal if my blood sugar is high."

"I should increase my insulin dose if I am stressed."

"I should drink alcohol only on special occasions."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) This is correct as eating a snack before exercising can help to prevent hypoglycemia by providing glucose for energy and preventing a sudden drop in blood sugar levels.

B) This is incorrect as skipping a meal can cause hypoglycemia by depriving the body of glucose and creating an imbalance between insulin and glucose levels. Clients taking insulin should eat regular meals and snacks and monitor their blood sugar levels frequently.

C) This is incorrect as increasing the insulin dose without consulting with the provider can cause hypoglycemia by lowering the blood sugar levels too much. Stress can affect blood sugar levels in different ways depending on the type and duration of stress and the individual's response. Clients taking insulin should consult with their provider about how to adjust their insulin dose according to their stress level and blood sugar readings.

D) This is incorrect as drinking alcohol can cause hypoglycemia by inhibiting the liver's production of glucose and increasing the risk of insulin overdose. Clients taking insulin should avoid or limit alcohol intake and never drink alcohol on an empty stomach.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

B) This is correct as mixing medications with food or liquids that are easy to swallow can help to prevent choking and aspiration and improve compliance. However, some medications may interact with certain foods or liquids, so the nurse should check with the pharmacist before mixing them.

C) This is correct as giving one medication at a time and allowing time for swallowing can help to prevent choking and aspiration and ensure that each medication is taken correctly. The nurse should also monitor the client for signs of difficulty swallowing, such as coughing, gagging, drooling, or regurgitation.

E) This is correct as assessing the client's mouth for pocketing of medications can help to prevent medication errors and ensure that each medication is taken correctly. Pocketing of medications occurs when the client holds medications in their cheeks or under their tongue instead of swallowing them. This can lead to ineffective therapy, toxicity, or adverse effects.

A) This is incorrect as crushing or dissolving tablets and capsules before giving them to the client can alter their effectiveness, absorption, or bioavailability and cause medication errors or adverse effects. Some tablets and capsules are designed to be swallowed whole, such as enteric-coated, extended-release, or sublingual formulations. The nurse should check with the pharmacist before crushing or dissolving any tablets or capsules.

D) This is incorrect as encouraging the client to drink water before and after taking medications can help to prevent choking and aspiration and ensure adequate hydration, but it may not be appropriate for some clients who have dysphagia or who are on fluid restrictions. The nurse should assess the client's ability to drink water safely and follow their individualized plan of care.

A. Check the medication label against the medication administration record (MAR) three times. B. Use two client identifiers before giving the medication. C. Ask the client to state their name and date of birth before giving the medication. D. Document the medication administration after completing other tasks. E. Follow the six rights of medication administration.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A) This is correct as checking the medication label against the MAR three times is one of the six rights of medication administration and helps to ensure accuracy and safety.

B) This is correct as using two client identifiers is another one of the six rights of medication administration and helps to verify the identity of the client.

C) This is correct as asking the client to state their name and date of birth is another way of verifying the identity of the client and can also help to engage them in their care.

D) This is incorrect as documenting the medication administration should be done as soon as possible after giving the medication to avoid errors and omissions.

E) This is correct as following the six rights of medication administration (right client, right medication, right dose, right route, right time, right documentation) is a standard practice that helps to prevent medication errors.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about how to prevent hypoglycemia when taking insulin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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Explanation

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