A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ergotamine to treat vascular headaches. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following is a potential adverse effect of this medication?

Weight gain

Constipation

Hypoglycemia

Muscle pain

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Weight gain: Ergotamine does not typically cause weight gain. Its primary adverse effects are related to vascular and neuromuscular systems rather than metabolic changes.

B. Constipation: Constipation is not a common adverse effect of ergotamine. The medication primarily affects smooth muscle in blood vessels rather than gastrointestinal motility.

C. Hypoglycemia: Ergotamine does not influence blood glucose levels, so hypoglycemia is not an expected adverse effect.

D. Muscle pain: Ergotamine can cause vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels, which may lead to muscle pain, weakness, or tingling in the extremities. This neuromuscular effect is a recognized potential adverse effect of the medication.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Bradypnea: Opioid withdrawal typically causes an increase in respiratory rate rather than slowing. Bradypnea is more commonly associated with opioid intoxication, not withdrawal.

B. Constipation: While opioids cause constipation during use, withdrawal usually results in diarrhea and increased bowel motility rather than continued constipation.

C. Miosis: Pupil constriction occurs with opioid use. During withdrawal, pupils often dilate (mydriasis), so miosis is not expected.

D. Sneezing: Sneezing is a common manifestation of opioid withdrawal due to hyperactivity of the autonomic nervous system. Other signs include lacrimation, rhinorrhea, yawning, and generalized restlessness.

A. Nitroglycerin B. Furosemide C. Calcium chloride D. Morphine

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Nitroglycerin: Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to treat angina and does not have known interactions with vancomycin. Concurrent use does not increase the risk of vancomycin toxicity or adverse effects.

B. Furosemide: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can be nephrotoxic and ototoxic, similar to vancomycin. Using both medications concurrently increases the risk of kidney damage and hearing loss, requiring careful monitoring of renal function and auditory status.

C. Calcium chloride: Calcium chloride is used for hypocalcemia and cardiac stabilization but does not interact directly with vancomycin. No enhanced toxicity or adverse reaction is expected when these drugs are administered together.

D. Morphine: Morphine is an opioid analgesic with no direct interaction with vancomycin. While both drugs may depress the central nervous system in different ways, morphine does not increase the risk of vancomycin-related nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ergotamine to treat vascular headaches. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following is a potential adverse effect of this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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