A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who has hypertension and is prescribed a calcium channel blocker. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

Antihypertensive drugs can lower blood pressure by affecting different parts of the cardiovascular system.This is a general statement that covers the various mechanisms of action of different classes of antihypertensive drugs, such as beta blockers, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium channel blockers, alpha blockers, and renin inhibitors.Each class of drugs has a different way of influencing the heart rate, blood vessel tone, blood volume, or hormonal activity that regulate blood pressure.

Choice A is wrong because antihypertensive drugs do not work by increasing the blood flow to the heart and kidneys.In fact, some antihypertensive drugs may decrease the blood flow to these organs as a side effect.

Choice C is wrong because antihypertensive drugs are not safe to use with any other medications or supplements.There are many potential drug interactions that can affect the efficacy or safety of antihypertensive drugs.For example, NSAIDs can reduce the blood pressure lowering effect of some antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of kidney damage. Therefore, patients should always consult their doctor or pharmacist before taking any other medications or supplements with antihypertensive drugs.

Choice D is wrong because antihypertensive drugs will not cure hypertension if taken as prescribed.Hypertension is a chronic condition that requires lifelong management and lifestyle changes.Antihypertensive drugs can only control the blood pressure and prevent complications, but they do not address the underlying causes of hypertension.If patients stop taking their antihypertensive drugs, their blood pressure will likely rise again and increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure.

Oatmeal is a good source of soluble fiber, which can help lower cholesterol levels and blood pressure. Oatmeal also has a low glycemic index, which means it does not cause rapid spikes in blood sugar levels. A client who has hypertension and hyperlipidemia should avoid foods that are high in saturated fat, sodium, and sugar, as they can worsen these conditions.

Choice A is wrong because whole milk is high in saturated fat, which can increase cholesterol levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease. A client who has hypertension and hyperlipidemia should choose low-fat or skim milk instead.

Choice B is wrong because salted nuts are high in sodium, which can increase blood pressure and fluid retention. A client who has hypertension and hyperlipidemia should choose unsalted nuts or seeds, which are rich in healthy fats, protein, and fiber.

Choice D is wrong because bacon is high in saturated fat, sodium, and nitrates, which can increase cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and inflammation. A client who has hypertension and hyperlipidemia should limit or avoid processed meats and choose lean sources of protein instead.