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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has been experiencing a fever for the last 3 days. Which of the following laboratory results indicates the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?

Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Increased hematocrit

Decreased urine specific gravity

Increased calcium level

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN): BUN typically increases with dehydration.

B. Increased hematocrit: Hemoconcentration occurs in dehydration, increasing hematocrit levels.

C. Decreased urine specific gravity: Dehydration typically causes an increase in urine specific gravity.

D. Increased calcium level: Calcium levels do not directly indicate fluid volume status.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "I should apply clean dressings over the top of blood-saturated dressings and hold pressure.” This prevents disruption of clot formation and controls bleeding.

B. "I can clean wounds with hydrogen peroxide.” Hydrogen peroxide can damage healthy tissue and delay healing.

C. "I can carefully remove the object from a penetrating wound.” Objects should be left in place until medical professionals remove them.

D. "I should place the affected area in a dependent position.” Elevating an injured limb helps reduce swelling and bleeding.

A. "I need to have an attorney sign my advance directives." B. "I have a living will that outlines my wishes if I am unable to make decisions." C. "I must have a family member appointed to make my health care decisions." D. "I will need to sign a document stating that I want to be resuscitated if I require CPR."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I need to have an attorney sign my advance directives." An attorney is not required to sign an advance directive. The document typically requires the client’s signature and witnesses but does not need legal counsel unless state laws specify otherwise.

B. "I have a living will that outlines my wishes if I am unable to make decisions." A living will is a type of advance directive that specifies the client’s preferences for medical care if they become unable to make decisions. This statement shows understanding.

C. "I must have a family member appointed to make my health care decisions." While a client can appoint a family member as a healthcare proxy, it is not required. The client may choose any trusted individual to act as their healthcare power of attorney.

D. "I will need to sign a document stating that I want to be resuscitated if I require CPR." A Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order is signed when a client chooses not to receive CPR. If the client wants resuscitation, no additional documentation is required—healthcare providers automatically provide life-saving measures unless a DNR order is in place.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has been experiencing a fever for the last 3 days. Which of the following laboratory results indicates the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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