A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a patient. The patient's ABGs are: pH 7.5
CO2 40 mm Hg HCO3 32 mEq/L
Which of the following acid-base conditions should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Metabolic alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and a high HCO3 level. In this case, the pH is 7.5, which is above the normal range of 7.35-7.45, and the HCO3 is 32 mEq/L, which is above the normal range of 22-26 mEq/L.
Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high CO2 level and a low pH, which is not the case here as the CO2 is normal and the pH is high.
Choice C reason: Respiratory alkalosis typically presents with a low CO2 level and a high pH. Since the CO2 is normal, this condition does not fit the patient's ABG results.
Choice D reason: Metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH and a low HCO3 level. Given that both the pH and HCO3 are high, metabolic acidosis is not the correct diagnosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Atropine is used to treat bradycardia and is not an antidote for warfarin overdose.
Choice B reason: Protamine is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not warfarin.
Choice C reason: Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin overdose as it helps in the synthesis of clotting factors that warfarin inhibits.
Choice D reason: Epinephrine is used for severe allergic reactions and cardiac arrest, not as an antidote for warfarin overdose.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Trousseau's sign is indicative of hypocalcemia and is elicited by inflating a blood pressure cuff on the arm.
Choice B reason: Carpopedal spasm is a muscular spasm involving the hands and feet that can occur with hypocalcemia.
Choice C reason: Chvostek's sign is a facial twitching that occurs when tapping on the facial nerve in front of the ear, which can be a sign of hypocalcemia.
Choice D reason: Korsakoff's psychosis is associated with chronic alcoholism and thiamine deficiency, not directly with hypocalcemia.
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