A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has tuberculosis (TB) and a prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

It is necessary to take this medication for the rest of your life to prevent recurrence.

Your provider will monitor your liver function while you are taking this medication.

Limit your alcohol intake to 2 drinks per day.

It is recommended to take this medication with a meal to increase absorption.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This is an incorrect instruction, because it is not necessary to take this medication for the rest of your life to prevent recurrence. Isoniazid is usually taken for 6 to 9 months, or as prescribed by the provider, to treat active TB or latent TB infection.

Choice B reason: This is the correct instruction, because your provider will monitor your liver function while you are taking this medication. Isoniazid can cause hepatotoxicity, which is a serious side effect that can damage the liver and cause jaundice, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain.

Choice C reason: This is an incorrect instruction, because you should avoid alcohol intake while you are taking this medication. Alcohol can increase the risk of hepatotoxicity and interfere with the metabolism of isoniazid.

Choice D reason: This is an incorrect instruction, because it is not recommended to take this medication with a meal to increase absorption. Isoniazid should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal, to ensure optimal absorption and effectiveness.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is a normal finding, not an indication of breast cancer. Lumps that are mobile and tender upon palpation prior to a menstrual period are usually benign and related to hormonal changes.

Choice B reason: This is a normal finding, not an indication of breast cancer. Multiple round masses that are tender and found in both breasts are usually benign and related to fibrocystic breast changes.

Choice C reason: This is a normal finding, not an indication of breast cancer. Bilaterally darkened areolas are usually benign and related to genetic factors, pregnancy, or aging.

Choice D reason: This is an abnormal finding, and an indication of breast cancer. A nontender hard lump that is palpated in one breast is usually malignant and related to abnormal cell growth.

A. Place compression stockings on the lower extremities. B. Apply cold compresses to the affected extremity. C. Gently massage the area every 4 hr. D. Inform the client that heparin is prescribed to dissolve the thrombus.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is the best action, because compression stockings can help improve the blood flow and prevent the formation of new clots in the veins of the legs. Compression stockings can also reduce the swelling, pain, and inflammation caused by thrombophlebitis.

Choice B reason: This is an incorrect action, because cold compresses can cause vasoconstriction and worsen the blood flow and the clotting process in the affected vein. Cold compresses can also increase the discomfort and numbness of the extremity.

Choice C reason: This is an incorrect and dangerous action, because gently massaging the area can dislodge the clot and cause it to travel to the lungs, heart, or brain, resulting in a life-threatening complication, such as pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, or stroke.

Choice D reason: This is an incorrect and misleading statement, because heparin is not prescribed to dissolve the thrombus, but to prevent the growth and extension of the existing clot and the formation of new clots. Heparin is an anticoagulant that inhibits the clotting factors in the blood, but does not break down the clot. The body's own enzymes, such as plasmin, are responsible for dissolving the clot.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has tuberculosis (TB) and a prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about how to perform a breast self exam (BSE). The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of breast cancer?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has thrombophlebitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend for the plan of care?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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