A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is taking risperidone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"This medication may increase your blood pressure."

"Flu-like symptoms are an expected adverse effect of this medication."

"Avoid becoming overheated while taking this medication."

"Muscle twitches can occur the first few weeks while taking this medication."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. "This medication may increase your blood pressure."

This statement is incorrect. Risperidone is not typically associated with significant increases in blood pressure. One of the potential side effects of risperidone is orthostatic hypotension, which is a drop in blood pressure when changing positions (e.g., standing up quickly). Therefore, this choice is not the best instruction to include in the teaching.

B. "Flu-like symptoms are an expected adverse effect of this medication."

This statement is incorrect. While risperidone can have side effects, flu-like symptoms are not commonly associated with it. Common side effects of risperidone may include dizziness, drowsiness, weight gain, and movement disorders. Flu-like symptoms are not a typical adverse effect of this medication.

C. "Avoid becoming overheated while taking this medication."

This statement is correct. Risperidone, like many other antipsychotic medications, can interfere with the body's ability to regulate temperature. This can lead to an increased risk of overheating, especially in hot weather or during vigorous physical activity. Therefore, it's important for patients taking risperidone to be cautious and avoid becoming overheated, as this could potentially lead to heat-related complications.

D. "Muscle twitches can occur the first few weeks while taking this medication."

This statement is incorrect. Muscle twitches are not a common side effect of risperidone. While it's true that some movement disorders can occur with antipsychotic medications, the statement is too specific to muscle twitches and does not accurately reflect the typical side effect profile of risperidone.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A.Lithium is excreted through the kidneys, and dehydration and sodium depletion increase the risk of lithium toxicity. A client who runs 4 miles outdoors every afternoon is at risk of excessive sweating and fluid loss, which can lead to dehydration and sodium depletion. This reduces lithium excretion, leading to toxic levels in the blood.

B. Anormal sodium intake helps maintain lithium balance. A low sodium intake increases lithium retention, but 2-3 grams/day is within the normal recommended range.

C. Adequate hydration helps prevent lithium toxicity. Clients on lithium should drink 2–3 liters of fluid daily to promote kidney function and lithium excretion.
D. Tyramine-rich foods (e.g., aged cheese, cured meats) are a concern for clients on monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), not lithium. Tyramine does not affect lithium levels.

A. "It doesn't really matter what time you take your medications as long as you don't skip any doses." B. "We'll have to talk to your provider about switching to an alternative schedule." C. "You really shouldn't change the schedule we established here in the facility." D. Let's work together to devise a time schedule that is convenient for you on a daily basis."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "It doesn't really matter what time you take your medications as long as you don't skip any doses."

While it's important not to skip doses, taking medications at specific intervals is often necessary for maintaining therapeutic blood levels and optimal treatment outcomes. Disregarding specific timing can affect the effectiveness of the medications.

B. "We'll have to talk to your provider about switching to an alternative schedule."

This response may not consider the client's preferences and might not be necessary if the client's current schedule can be adjusted to suit their routine. Collaboration between the nurse and the client is essential.

C. "You really shouldn't change the schedule we established here in the facility."

While continuity in medication schedules is important, if the established schedule doesn't align with the client's daily life, there should be flexibility to adjust it in a way that still maintains the effectiveness of the medications.

D. "Let's work together to devise a time schedule that is convenient for you on a daily basis."

Explanation: It's important to consider the client's lifestyle and routines when developing a medication schedule to ensure optimal adherence. Collaboratively working with the client to create a schedule that fits their daily activities increases the likelihood that they will consistently take their medications as prescribed.

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A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is taking risperidone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

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