A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following foods should the nurse advise the client to limit in their diet?

Spinach

Bananas

Cheese

Eggs

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Correct. The nurse should advise the client to limit spinach in their diet as this food is high in vitamin K, which can antagonize the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and increase the risk of thrombosis.

B) Incorrect. The nurse should not advise the client to limit bananas in their diet as this food is high in potassium, which can help prevent hypokalemia that can occur with some anticoagulants such as heparin. Bananas do not affect the action of warfarin.

C) Incorrect. The nurse should not advise the client to limit cheese in their diet as this food is high in calcium, which can help prevent osteoporosis that can occur with long-term use of warfarin. Cheese does not affect the action of warfarin.

D) Incorrect. The nurse should not advise the client to limit eggs in their diet as this food is high in protein, which can help maintain muscle mass and wound healing that can be impaired by warfarin. Eggs do not affect the action of warfarin.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Incorrect. The client should not avoid eating foods that are high in vitamin K, such as leafy greens, broccoli, and soybeans. These foods can interfere with the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and increase the risk of clotting. The client should eat a consistent amount of vitamin K-rich foods and avoid sudden changes in their intake.

B) Correct. The client should use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent bleeding from the gums. Warfarin can impair the blood's ability to clot and increase the risk of bleeding from minor injuries.

C) Correct. The client should monitor their blood pressure regularly at home and report any abnormal readings to their provider. Warfarin can affect blood pressure and increase the risk of stroke or bleeding.

D) Correct. The client should report any signs of bruising or bleeding to their provider, such as nosebleeds, blood in urine or stool, heavy menstrual bleeding, or prolonged bleeding from cuts. These signs may indicate that the warfarin dose is too high and needs adjustment.

A. The nurse injects air into the NPH vial first, then into the regular vial. B. The nurse draws up regular insulin first, then NPH insulin. C. The nurse rolls the NPH vial between their palms before drawing up insulin. D. The nurse wipes the rubber stoppers of both vials with alcohol swabs.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Incorrect. The nurse should inject air into the regular vial first, then into the NPH vial. This can prevent contamination of the regular insulin with NPH insulin and ensure accurate dosing.

B) Correct. The nurse should draw up regular insulin first, then NPH insulin. This can prevent contamination of the regular insulin with NPH insulin and ensure accurate dosing. Regular insulin is clear and NPH insulin is cloudy.

C) Correct. The nurse should roll the NPH vial between their palms before drawing up insulin. This can resuspend the insulin particles that may have settled at the bottom of the vial and ensure uniform concentration.

D) Correct. The nurse should wipe the rubber stoppers of both vials with alcohol swabs before inserting needles. This can reduce the risk of infection and contamination.

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A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following foods should the nurse advise the client to limit in their diet?

Nursing Test Bank

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