A nurse is evaluating a newly licensed nurse's understanding of advance directives. The newly licensed nurse should identify that which of the following individuals is responsible for deciding whether a client is capable of making their own decisions regarding medical treatment?
Primary provider
Health care surrogate
Social worker
Charge nurse
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale
A. Primary provider: The primary provider is responsible for assessing and determining a client’s decision-making capacity regarding medical treatment. This evaluation includes the client’s ability to understand information, appreciate the consequences of decisions, reason logically, and communicate choices clearly. The determination guides informed consent and advance directive discussions.
B. Health care surrogate: A health care surrogate makes decisions only when a client is deemed incapable of making their own medical decisions. The surrogate’s authority is activated after the provider determines the client lacks decision-making capacity.
C. Social worker: Social workers provide support, education, and advocacy regarding advance directives and care planning but do not have the legal authority to determine decision-making capacity. They assist in facilitating communication between the client, family, and healthcare team.
D. Charge nurse: The charge nurse oversees unit operations and coordinates care but is not responsible for determining a client’s capacity to make medical decisions. This responsibility lies with the provider evaluating the client’s clinical and cognitive status.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale
A. Plan to meditate immediately after meals: Meditating immediately after eating may cause discomfort or drowsiness and can interfere with focus. It is recommended to meditate at a time when the client is alert and not experiencing postprandial fatigue, which supports effective stress reduction.
B. Tighten and relax muscles during relaxation therapy: Progressive muscle relaxation involves systematically tensing and then relaxing specific muscle groups to reduce physical tension and stress. This technique promotes awareness of muscle tightness and facilitates overall relaxation, making it an effective component of stress management.
C. Keep eyes open during relaxation therapy: Closing the eyes is typically recommended during meditation and relaxation exercises to minimize distractions and enhance focus. Keeping the eyes open can reduce the effectiveness of the therapy by increasing external stimuli and mental engagement.
D. Take short and shallow breaths when meditating: Effective meditation and relaxation techniques emphasize slow, deep, and controlled breathing. Short, shallow breaths can increase tension and limit oxygenation, reducing the calming effects of meditation. Deep breathing supports parasympathetic activation and stress reduction.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale
A. Ask the client to occlude one ear with a finger: Occluding one ear is part of the Rinne test, not the Weber test. The Weber test assesses lateralization of sound and does not require the client to block either ear initially.
B. Place a vibrating tuning fork against the midline vertex of the client's head: In the Weber test, the vibrating tuning fork is placed on the midline of the skull, usually the forehead or vertex. This allows the nurse to assess whether sound is heard equally in both ears or lateralizes to one, helping differentiate between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
C. Whisper words for the client to identify: Whispered voice testing evaluates the client’s ability to hear and repeat words, but it is a separate assessment from the Weber test and does not determine lateralization.
D. Have the client repeat a phrase spoken by the nurse while the nurse's mouth is hidden: This describes the whispered voice or speech discrimination test, not the Weber test. The Weber test focuses on bone conduction and sound lateralization rather than speech comprehension.
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