A nurse is educating a client with tuberculosis about the importance of adhering to the prescribed regimen of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for six months.
The nurse should explain that this combination of drugs is necessary to:
“Prevent the development of acquired resistance”
“Enhance the selective toxicity of each drug”
“Increase the penetration of drugs into the lungs”
“Reduce the adverse effects of each drug"
The Correct Answer is A
This means that the combination of drugs reduces the chances of the bacteria becoming resistant to one or more of the drugs, which would make the treatment ineffective.
Choice B is wrong because “enhance the selective toxicity of each drug” means that the drugs would target only the bacteria and not harm the host cells, which is not the main reason for using a combination of drugs.
Choice C is wrong because “increase the penetration of drugs into the lungs” means that the drugs would reach the site of infection more easily, which is not the main reason for using a combination of drugs.
Choice D is wrong because “reduce the adverse effects of each drug” means that the drugs would have less side effects when used together, which is not the main reason for using a combination of drugs. In fact, some of these drugs can have serious side effects such as liver damage, vision loss, or nerve damage.
Normal ranges for rifampin are 8-24 mcg/mL, for isoniazid are 1-6 mcg/mL, for pyrazinamide are 20-60 mcg/mL, and for ethambutol are 2-6 mcg/mL.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The bacteria have an altered target site that methicillin cannot bind to.This means that the bacteria have changed their structure so that the antibiotic cannot attach to them and kill them.
Choice A is wrong because methicillin does not work by being broken down by an enzyme.Some other antibiotics, such as penicillin, can be inactivated by bacterial enzymes, but not methicillin.
Choice C is wrong because methicillin does not work by entering the bacterial cell.Some other antibiotics, such as tetracycline, can be expelled by bacterial membrane pumps, but not methicillin.
Choice D is wrong because methicillin does not work by blocking an alternative pathway.Some other antibiotics, such as sulfonamides, can be bypassed by bacterial alternative pathways, but not methicillin.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This means that the combination of drugs reduces the chances of the bacteria becoming resistant to one or more of the drugs, which would make the treatment ineffective.
Choice B is wrong because “enhance the selective toxicity of each drug” means that the drugs would target only the bacteria and not harm the host cells, which is not the main reason for using a combination of drugs.
Choice C is wrong because “increase the penetration of drugs into the lungs” means that the drugs would reach the site of infection more easily, which is not the main reason for using a combination of drugs.
Choice D is wrong because “reduce the adverse effects of each drug” means that the drugs would have less side effects when used together, which is not the main reason for using a combination of drugs.In fact, some of these drugs can have serious side effects such as liver damage, vision loss, or nerve damage.
Normal ranges for rifampin are 8-24 mcg/mL, for isoniazid are 1-6 mcg/mL, for pyrazinamide are 20-60 mcg/mL, and for ethambutol are 2-6 mcg/mL.
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