A nurse is educating a client who has a history of ischemic stroke about modifiable risk factors. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Hypertension

Smoking

Diabetes mellitus

Age

Family history

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Choice A reason:

This is correct because hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it increases the stress on the arterial walls and accelerates atherosclerosis, which can lead to plaque formation and reduced blood flow to the brain.

Choice B reason:

This is correct because smoking is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it damages the endothelial lining of the arteries and promotes thrombosis, which can lead to clot formation and blockage of blood flow to the brain.

Choice C reason:

This is correct because diabetes mellitus is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it causes hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, which can damage the blood vessels and increase the risk of atherosclerosis and thrombosis.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because age is a non-modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it cannot be changed or controlled by the client. The risk of ischemic stroke increases with age due to physiological changes in the blood vessels and other organs.

Choice E reason:

This is incorrect because family history is also a non-modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it cannot be changed or controlled by the client. The risk of ischemic stroke may be higher in clients who have relatives who had a stroke due to genetic or environmental factors.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is a correct answer, as the medication increases dopamine levels in the brain, which helps to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as the medication does not decrease acetylcholine levels in the brain, but rather increases dopamine levels. Acetylcholine is another neurotransmitter that controls muscle contraction, learning, and memory.

Choice C reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as the medication does not increase serotonin levels in the brain, but rather increases dopamine levels. Serotonin is another neurotransmitter that controls mood, sleep, and appetite.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as the medication does not decrease glutamate levels in the brain, but rather increases dopamine levels. Glutamate is another neurotransmitter that controls excitatory signals in the brain.

A. Wear tight-fitting shoes to prevent foot injuries. B. Use a heating pad to relieve pain in the affected areas. C. Inspect your skin daily for cuts, blisters, or ulcers. D. Avoid taking vitamin B supplements to prevent toxicity.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is incorrect because wearing tight-fitting shoes can cause pressure ulcers, blisters, or infections in clients with peripheral neuropathy, who have reduced sensation and blood flow in their feet. The nurse should advise the client to wear well-fitting shoes with cushioned socks and avoid walking barefoot.

Choice B reason:

This is incorrect because using a heating pad can cause burns or skin damage in clients with peripheral neuropathy, who have impaired temperature perception and pain sensation in their affected areas. The nurse should advise the client to avoid exposure to extreme heat or cold and use other methods to relieve pain, such as medications, massage, or acupuncture.

Choice C reason:

This is the correct answer because inspecting the skin daily for cuts, blisters, or ulcers can help prevent infection and complications in clients with peripheral neuropathy, who have reduced sensation and healing ability in their affected areas. The nurse should advise the client to wash their skin with mild soap and water, apply moisturizer, and report any signs of infection to their provider.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because taking vitamin B supplements can help prevent or treat peripheral neuropathy caused by vitamin B deficiency, which can occur in clients who receive chemotherapy. The nurse should advise the client to consult with their provider before taking any supplements and follow a balanced diet that includes foods rich in vitamin B, such as meat, eggs, dairy products, and fortified cereals.

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A nurse is educating a client who has a history of ischemic stroke about modifiable risk factors. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is administering medication to a client who has Parkinson's disease. The client asks the nurse how the medication works. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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