A nurse is collecting data on a client who has urinary retention. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Leakage of urine

Dark-colored urine

Cloudy urine

Blood in urine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Leakage of urine is a sign of urinary retention, as it indicates that the bladder is overdistended and unable to empty completely. The urine may leak around the urethra or through a catheter.

Choice B reason: Dark-colored urine is not a sign of urinary retention. It can be caused by dehydration, certain foods or medications, or liver or kidney problems.

Choice C reason: Cloudy urine is not a sign of urinary retention. It can be caused by infection, inflammation, or stones in the urinary tract.

Choice D reason: Blood in urine is not a sign of urinary retention. It can be caused by trauma, infection, cancer, or coagulation disorders in the urinary tract.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Metabolic alkalosis is a condition in which the blood pH is elevated due to an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of acid. It can be caused by vomiting, diuretics, or excessive antacid intake. It is not associated with COPD.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis is a condition in which the blood pH is lowered due to an accumulation of carbon dioxide. It can be caused by hypoventilation, airway obstruction, or lung diseases such as COPD. It is the most common acid-base imbalance in COPD patients.

Choice C reason: Respiratory alkalosis is a condition in which the blood pH is elevated due to a loss of carbon dioxide. It can be caused by hyperventilation, anxiety, fever, or aspirin overdose. It is not common in COPD patients.

Choice D reason: Metabolic acidosis is a condition in which the blood pH is lowered due to an excess of acid or a loss of bicarbonate. It can be caused by diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, or lactic acidosis. It is not directly related to COPD.

A. Dry skin B. Diarrhea C. Abdominal pain D. Hyperventilation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Dry skin is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis is a condition where the blood pH is too high due to excessive loss of carbon dioxide through rapid breathing. Dry skin can be caused by dehydration, cold weather, or skin conditions.

Choice B reason: Diarrhea is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. Diarrhea is a condition where the stool is loose and watery due to increased intestinal motility or infection. Diarrhea can cause metabolic acidosis, which is a condition where the blood pH is too low due to excessive loss of bicarbonate.

Choice C reason: Abdominal pain is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. Abdominal pain is a symptom that can have many causes, such as gastritis, appendicitis, or irritable bowel syndrome. Abdominal pain can also cause hyperventilation due to anxiety or discomfort, but it is not a direct result of respiratory alkalosis.

Choice D reason: Hyperventilation is a sign of respiratory alkalosis. Hyperventilation is a condition where the breathing rate is faster than normal, causing excess carbon dioxide to be expelled from the lungs. This lowers the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood, which increases the blood pH and causes alkalosis. Hyperventilation can be caused by anxiety, fever, pain, or lung diseases.

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A nurse is collecting data on a client who has urinary retention. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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