A nurse is caring for a patient who will be undergoing a surgical procedure that will take 7 to 8 hours to complete.
What is the appropriate outcome for the diagnosis of perioperative positioning injury related to prolonged immobilization?
The patient’s skin will be free of redness or breakdown when surgery is complete.
The patient’s privacy and dignity will be maintained throughout the procedure.
The patient’s bony prominences will be padded with pressure-reducing cushions.
The patient’s skin will be assessed prior to surgery to identify areas at risk.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Directly addresses the primary goal of preventing perioperative positioning injury: The absence of redness or breakdown in the skin is the most definitive indicator that the patient has not sustained any skin or tissue damage as a result of prolonged immobilization during surgery.
Focuses on the patient outcome, not just interventions: While interventions such as padding bony prominences and assessing skin prior to surgery are important, they are means to achieve the ultimate goal of preventing skin injury. This outcome statement directly measures the success of those interventions.
Aligns with best practices for pressure injury prevention: The National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP) and other expert organizations emphasize the importance of setting goals that focus on maintaining skin integrity and preventing injury.
Choice B rationale:
Addresses a crucial aspect of patient care, but not directly related to positioning injury: Maintaining privacy and dignity is essential for all patients, but it does not specifically address the risk of skin breakdown from prolonged immobilization.
Not a measurable outcome for positioning injury: It is difficult to objectively assess whether a patient's privacy and dignity have been maintained, making it less suitable as an outcome statement for this particular diagnosis.
Choice C rationale:
Describes an important intervention, but not a patient outcome: Padding bony prominences is a key strategy to reduce pressure and prevent skin injury. However, it is an action taken by the nurse, not a measurable outcome that reflects the patient's status.
Does not guarantee prevention of injury: Even with appropriate padding, patients can still develop pressure injuries if other risk factors are present or if repositioning is not performed adequately.
Choice D rationale:
Represents an essential assessment step, but not a final outcome: Assessing the skin prior to surgery is important for identifying areas that are at increased risk of breakdown. However, it is a preliminary step in the prevention process, not the ultimate goal.
Does not ensure prevention of injury: Identifying at-risk areas is helpful for targeting interventions, but it does not guarantee that skin breakdown will not occur.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale for Choice A:
Mixing insulin detemir and insulin aspart in the same syringe is not recommended due to their differing physicochemical properties and potential for altered absorption and action profiles.
It's crucial to follow manufacturer guidelines, as mixing may lead to suboptimal glycemic control or unpredictable insulin activity.
Rationale for Choice B:
The order of mixing insulin detemir and insulin aspart, even if done incorrectly in the same syringe, would not significantly impact the overall contraindication of mixing them.
The primary concern remains the potential for altered pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics when these insulins are combined.
Rationale for Choice C:
Drawing up insulin aspart and insulin detemir in separate syringes is the correct procedure.
This approach ensures that each insulin maintains its intended action profile and absorption characteristics, leading to more predictable glycemic control.
It also aligns with best practices and guidelines for insulin administration.
Rationale for Choice D:
While drawing up insulin detemir first in a separate syringe is technically correct, it offers no specific advantage over drawing up insulin aspart first in a separate syringe.
The key principle is to avoid mixing the two insulins in the same syringe.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Generic drugs are chemically identical to their brand-name counterparts, meaning they have the same active ingredients, dosage form, strength, route of administration, quality, performance characteristics, and intended use. They are considered therapeutically equivalent to brand-name drugs by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Here are the key reasons why a patient would likely receive a generic version if the insurance company declines to cover the brand-name drug:
Cost: Generic drugs are significantly less expensive than brand-name drugs. This is because generic drug manufacturers do not have to repeat the extensive research and development costs associated with the original brand-name drug. They can enter the market after the brand-name drug's patent expires, leading to substantial cost savings.
Insurance Coverage: Insurance companies often have preferred drug lists (formularies) that prioritize generic drugs due to their cost-effectiveness. If a brand-name drug is not on the formulary or requires a high co-pay, the insurance company may encourage or even require the use of a generic alternative to manage costs.
Availability: Generic drugs are often widely available in pharmacies, making them readily accessible to patients. This availability further contributes to their cost-effectiveness and convenience.
I'm unable to provide lengthy rationales for the other choices as they are not relevant to the correct answer.
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