A nurse is caring for a group of clients, who all are incontinent of urine, on the medical-surgical unit. Which comorbidities should the nurse expect to find in their medical records? (Select all that apply.)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Heart failure
Diabetes mellitus
Multiple sclerosis
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. White blood cells (WBC) of 10:A WBC count of 10 is higher than the typical reference range (usually 0–5 WBCs per high-power field). An elevated WBC count suggests infection or inflammation, and this should be reported for further assessment.
B. Occasional casts:Occasional casts in the urine can be normal, especially hyaline casts, which may appear after exercise or mild dehydration. However, a high number of casts, or specific types like red or white cell casts, may indicate renal disease and would require follow-up.
C. pH of 5.0:A urine pH of 5.0 is within the normal acidic range (typically 4.5 to 8.0) and does not require reporting unless there are other abnormal findings or specific concerns about acidosis or alkalosis.
D. Dark amber color. Dark amber urine can indicate dehydration but is not an unusual finding by itself. Hydration can typically correct this, so it does not need immediate reporting unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms (e.g., jaundice, which might suggest bilirubinuria).
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A. Elevated systolic blood pressure: Acute glomerulonephritis can often cause hypertension (high blood pressure), especially in the setting of kidney inflammation. Elevated blood pressure can be a common finding.
B. Fever: In acute glomerulonephritis, fever can occur, particularly during the acute phase of the illness, as it often follows an infection like strep throat. Fever might be present, but it's not always a consistent finding.
C. Palpable kidney masses: Palpable kidney masses are not typical findings in acute glomerulonephritis. This condition primarily involves inflammation within the kidneys and doesn't usually cause palpable masses.
D. Diffuse abdominal pain: Acute glomerulonephritis can cause nonspecific abdominal discomfort.
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