A nurse is caring for a client who presented with unilateral facial droop and weakness that lasted for about an hour before resolving spontaneausly without intervention. Which of the following is true regarding this situation?

The blockage is most likely in the right parietal region

This type of event can be one of the primary warning sign of a future stroke

The signs and symptoms are most consistent with an acute hemorrhagic stroke

The signs and symptoms are most consistent with a focal awareness seizure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The blockage is most likely in the right parietal region:
While a facial droop and weakness can be indicative of a stroke, the specific location of the blockage cannot be definitively determined based on the symptoms alone. A right-sided facial droop suggests that the lesion or event likely involves the left side of the brain, particularly the frontal or temporal regions, as these areas are typically associated with facial motor control. A parietal lesion would more commonly result in sensory deficits or spatial issues, not primarily facial droop. Therefore, this statement is not correct in this case.

B. This type of event can be one of the primary warning signs of a future stroke:
The client’s presentation of unilateral facial droop and weakness that resolves spontaneously within an hour is highly consistent with a transient ischemic attack (TIA). A TIA, often referred to as a "mini-stroke," is characterized by temporary neurological deficits that resolve without permanent damage. TIAs are considered warning signs of a potential future stroke, and the client should be evaluated promptly to address risk factors and prevent a more serious, permanent stroke.

C. The signs and symptoms are most consistent with an acute hemorrhagic stroke:
An acute hemorrhagic stroke typically presents with sudden and severe neurological deficits, such as a severe headache, vomiting, and loss of consciousness. Hemorrhagic strokes do not typically resolve spontaneously within an hour. The client's symptoms (unilateral facial droop and weakness that resolve within an hour) are more indicative of a TIA, not a hemorrhagic stroke. A hemorrhagic stroke would likely result in sustained deficits and a more urgent clinical presentation.

D. The signs and symptoms are most consistent with a focal awareness seizure:
Focal awareness seizures (previously known as simple partial seizures) generally involve abnormal electrical activity in a specific area of the brain, leading to symptoms such as motor twitches or sensory disturbances, but not typically a full facial droop or weakness. These seizures do not cause symptoms that resolve in such a short time, nor do they present with unilateral weakness in the manner described here. Therefore, this scenario is not consistent with a seizure disorder.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Early ambulation can help keep your lungs expanded and prevent pneumonia":
This statement is correct. Early ambulation is beneficial for respiratory function as it helps to keep the lungs expanded, encouraging deeper breaths and better oxygenation. This can help prevent complications like pneumonia and atelectasis, which are common after surgery due to immobility and anesthesia.

B. "Early ambulation is one part of preventing blood clots from forming in your legs":
This statement is also correct. Early ambulation is an important measure in preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), which are common postoperative complications. Movement and walking promote circulation, reducing the risk of blood clots forming in the legs.

C. "Early ambulation usually delays wound healing and increases the risk of wound infection":
This statement is incorrect. Early ambulation does not delay wound healing or increase the risk of infection. In fact, early movement can help improve circulation, which is crucial for wound healing and tissue repair. Gentle movement and ambulation typically have positive effects on wound healing by promoting blood flow to the surgical site. However, patients should avoid excessive strain or stress on the wound to prevent dehiscence or other complications.

D. "Early ambulation can help your bladder and bowels recover from the anesthesia":
This statement is correct. Early ambulation helps stimulate gastrointestinal and urinary systems, which may be sluggish after anesthesia. Walking can encourage the return of normal bowel and bladder function by promoting peristalsis and helping to prevent constipation or urinary retention, both of which can be common after surgery.

A. "The procedure can help determine whether your stroke was caused by a clot or by bleeding B. The procedure can help identify which part of the brain seizure activity is coming from. C. "The procedure helps evaluate nerve function to your extremities D. The procedure shows images of your heart’s electrical activity.'

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) "The procedure can help determine whether your stroke was caused by a clot or by bleeding": This statement is incorrect. An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a diagnostic test used to evaluate the electrical activity of the brain, not to assess stroke-related causes. To determine whether a stroke was caused by a clot or bleeding, imaging studies like a CT scan or MRI are typically used, not an EEG.

B) "The procedure can help identify which part of the brain seizure activity is coming from": This is the correct response. An EEG records electrical activity in the brain and is primarily used to diagnose and monitor conditions such as seizures, epilepsy, and sleep disorders. It can help pinpoint the area of the brain where abnormal electrical activity, such as that seen in seizures, is originating. This makes it an invaluable tool for understanding seizure disorders.

C) "The procedure helps evaluate nerve function to your extremities": This statement is inaccurate. An EEG does not assess nerve function to the extremities. Tests like nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG) are used to evaluate peripheral nerve function, whereas an EEG specifically measures electrical activity in the brain.

D) "The procedure shows images of your heart’s electrical activity": This statement is incorrect. An EEG measures brain electrical activity, not the heart's. To assess the heart's electrical activity, an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is used. Therefore, an EEG and an ECG serve very different purposes.

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A nurse is caring for a client who presented with unilateral facial droop and weakness that lasted for about an hour before resolving spontaneausly without intervention. Which of the following is true regarding this situation?

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