A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing peritoneal dialysis and notes that the dialysate outflow has become cloudy. Which of the following complications of this procedure should the nurse suspect?
Bleeding.
Peritonitis.
Poor dialysate flow.
Fibrin clot formation.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Bleeding during peritoneal dialysis may cause the dialysate to appear pink or red, but it does not cause cloudiness. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
Choice B reason: Cloudy dialysate outflow is a classic sign of peritonitis, which is the most common and serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis occurs due to infection within the peritoneal cavity, often introduced during catheter handling. The cloudiness is caused by the presence of white blood cells and bacteria in the dialysate. This makes option B the correct answer.
Choice C reason: Poor dialysate flow is usually due to mechanical issues such as catheter malposition, constipation, or obstruction. It results in reduced or absent drainage but does not cause cloudiness. Thus, this option is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Fibrin clot formation can obstruct the catheter and reduce dialysate flow, but it does not cause the effluent to appear cloudy. Instead, fibrin strands may be visible in the fluid. This option is incorrect because it does not explain the cloudy appearance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hydrogen peroxide has limited effectiveness against bloodborne pathogens and is not the recommended agent for cleaning blood-contaminated surfaces. It may disinfect minor wounds but is not suitable for environmental cleaning of biohazard spills.
Choice B reason: Isopropyl alcohol is effective against many bacteria and viruses but is not recommended for cleaning large blood spills. Alcohol evaporates quickly and does not reliably inactivate all bloodborne pathogens such as hepatitis B or HIV when used on contaminated surfaces.
Choice C reason: Chlorine bleach is the recommended agent for cleaning surfaces contaminated with blood. A diluted bleach solution (usually 1:10 ratio) effectively kills bloodborne pathogens, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. It is widely used in healthcare settings for environmental decontamination.
Choice D reason: Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic used for skin preparation and wound cleansing. It is not appropriate for cleaning environmental surfaces contaminated with blood. Its use is limited to patient care, not environmental disinfection.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term control of asthma. It is not required to be administered before other inhaled medications; bronchodilators are usually given first to open airways before corticosteroids.
Choice B reason: Rinsing the mouth and gargling after each use is correct because inhaled corticosteroids can cause oral candidiasis (thrush). Rinsing removes residual medication and reduces this risk.
Choice C reason: Fluticasone is not used as needed; it is a maintenance medication taken regularly to prevent inflammation. Rescue inhalers such as albuterol are used for acute symptom control.
Choice D reason: Growth may be slowed, not accelerated, in children using inhaled corticosteroids. Monitoring growth is important during long-term therapy.
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