A nurse is caring for a client who has urticaria following administration of an antibiotic. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?
Diphenhydramine
Hydralazine
Protamine
Naloxone
The Correct Answer is A
A. Diphenhydramine: Diphenhydramine is an H1 receptor antagonist that inhibits the binding of histamine to H1 receptors in the skin and vasculature. By blocking histamine-mediated vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and sensory nerve stimulation, it reduces the erythema, pruritus, and edema associated with urticaria.
B. Hydralazine: Hydralazine is a direct-acting arteriolar vasodilator used to reduce systemic vascular resistance in hypertensive crises or chronic hypertension. It has no effect on histamine pathways or IgE-mediated allergic responses and therefore does not alleviate urticaria or other manifestations of hypersensitivity reactions.
C. Protamine: Protamine sulfate is a cationic protein used to neutralize unfractionated heparin by forming a stable complex, thereby reversing anticoagulation. It does not interfere with histamine release, IgE receptor binding, or any pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying allergic reactions, making it irrelevant for urticaria management.
D. Naloxone: Naloxone is a competitive opioid receptor antagonist that reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression by displacing agonists at the mu-opioid receptor. It has no role in modulating histamine release or the immunologic processes that produce urticaria, and administration would not alleviate allergic symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Confirm the provider's prescription matches the number on the blood component: While verifying the provider’s prescription is important, it does not confirm the identity of the client receiving the blood. Client identification must be confirmed directly at the bedside.
B. Match the client's blood type with the type and cross match specimen: Verifying blood type compatibility is essential for transfusion safety, but it does not replace proper client identification. Misidentification could still occur if other verification steps are skipped.
C. Ask the client to state his blood type and the date of the blood donation: Clients may not reliably recall these details, and relying solely on self-report is unsafe. Proper identification requires objective verification using official identification methods.
D. Ensure that the client's identification matches the number on the blood unit: Correct client identification is achieved by comparing the client’s ID band information with the blood unit number and labels. This step is the primary safeguard to prevent transfusion errors and ensure the right client receives the correct blood product.
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
A. Food stamps: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), commonly called food stamps, provides financial assistance for purchasing nutritious food. For a client below the poverty level, this resource helps ensure adequate nutrition, which is essential for recovery during home IV therapy.
B. Medicaid: Medicaid offers health coverage for low-income individuals, including coverage for home health services and necessary medical equipment. Enrolling the client in Medicaid can facilitate access to home IV therapy and reduce out-of-pocket expenses.
C. Respite care: Respite care provides temporary relief to caregivers but is not directly relevant to a young adult client managing home IV therapy independently. While useful in certain situations, it is not a primary resource for financial or medical support in this case.
D. Medicare Part A: Medicare primarily covers hospital and skilled nursing facility care for adults over 65 or with certain disabilities. A young adult below the poverty level is unlikely to qualify, making this an inappropriate recommendation for home IV therapy coverage.
E. Adult day care: Adult day care services are designed for older adults requiring supervision or social interaction. This service is not applicable for a young adult client requiring home IV therapy and does not address financial or medical support needs.
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