A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia who consistently does the opposite of what the nurse asks of him. The nurse recognizes this as which of the following alterations in behavior?
Automatic obedience.
Active negativism.
Impaired impulse control.
Waxy flexibility.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Automatic obedience involves unthinkingly following instructions, often seen in catatonia. The client’s oppositional behavior is the opposite, making this an incorrect choice.
Choice B reason: Active negativism, common in schizophrenia, involves deliberately doing the opposite of what is requested, reflecting resistance or opposition. The client’s behavior matches this description.
Choice C reason: Impaired impulse control involves acting on urges without restraint, such as aggression or impulsivity. The client’s deliberate opposition is not impulsive but purposeful, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Waxy flexibility involves maintaining imposed postures, typically in catatonia. The client’s oppositional behavior does not involve physical posturing, making this incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:Reduced serotonin levels are strongly associated with depression, as serotonin regulates mood, sleep, and emotional stability. Many antidepressants, such as SSRIs, work by increasing serotonin availability in the brain, supporting its role in depression.
Choice B reason:Histamine is primarily involved in immune responses, wakefulness, and allergic reactions, not mood regulation. It is not commonly linked to depression, making it an incorrect choice.
Choice C reason:Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory. While imbalances may play a role in some psychiatric conditions, it is not the primary neurotransmitter associated with depression.
Choice D reason:Norepinephrine is involved in arousal and stress responses, and its dysregulation can contribute to depression. However, serotonin is more consistently and prominently linked to the pathophysiology of depression, making it the better choice.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Monitoring lithium levels is essential because of its narrow therapeutic index; toxicity can occur if levels rise slightly above the therapeutic range.
Choice B reason: Weight gain is not an indication of lithium toxicity; instead, toxicity signs include tremors, nausea, diarrhea, and confusion.
Choice C reason: Lithium is not addictive, and therapy is often long-term to prevent relapse of mood episodes.
Choice D reason: Diuretics are contraindicated with lithium because they increase the risk of toxicity by altering sodium and fluid balance.
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