A nurse is caring for a client who has major burns and is experiencing dehydration. The nurse should anticipate a prescription to infuse which of the following solutions?
0.45% sodium chloride
Lactated Ringer's
Dextrose 5% in water
Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride
The Correct Answer is B
A. 0.45% sodium chloride: 0.45% sodium chloride solution, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution used for rehydration and maintenance fluid therapy. However, in cases of
major burns where there is a significant loss of fluid and electrolytes, isotonic solutions are generally preferred.
B. Lactated Ringer's: Lactated Ringer's solution is an isotonic crystalloid solution that closely resembles the electrolyte composition of extracellular fluid. It is commonly used for fluid resuscitation in clients with major burns to replace lost fluids and electrolytes and restore
intravascular volume.
C. Dextrose 5% in water: Dextrose 5% in water is a hypotonic solution used primarily for hydration in clients with normal electrolyte levels or as a vehicle for administering medications.
It is not typically used for fluid resuscitation in clients with major burns, as it does not adequately replace lost electrolytes.
D. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride: This solution combines dextrose 5% and 0.45% sodium chloride and is used for maintenance fluid therapy and mild dehydration. However, in cases of major burns where there is significant fluid and electrolyte loss, isotonic solutions like lactated Ringer's or normal saline are preferred for fluid resuscitation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Prior episode of kidney stones: A history of kidney stones is not a contraindication to prednisone therapy. However, it may require monitoring due to potential fluid and electrolyte imbalances associated with corticosteroid use.
B. Taking levothyroxine orally: Taking levothyroxine orally is not a contraindication to prednisone therapy. However, concurrent use of corticosteroids and levothyroxine may require dosage adjustments of both medications due to potential interactions.
C. Has a systemic fungal infection: Corticosteroids like prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of fungal infections and worsening existing fungal infections.
Therefore, the presence of a systemic fungal infection is a contraindication to corticosteroid therapy.
D. History of asthma: Asthma is not a contraindication to prednisone therapy. In fact, prednisone is commonly used as a treatment for asthma exacerbations. However, caution may be needed in individuals with asthma to avoid exacerbating symptoms or complications.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. “I can cut the patches in half to save money": Cutting nitroglycerin patches is not recommended as it can alter the medication's release rate and efficacy. Therefore, this statement indicates a misunderstanding and should be corrected.
B. “I will apply a new patch to the same site whenever I replace it": Rotating patch sites is essential to prevent skin irritation and tolerance development. Therefore, this statement indicates a misunderstanding and should be corrected.
C. “I will take the patch off after dinner every night": This statement demonstrates understanding because nitroglycerin patches are typically worn for a certain number of hours (e.g., 12-14 hours) and then removed for a drug-free interval to prevent tolerance development.
D. "I can put a second patch on if I have chest pain": Applying multiple nitroglycerin patches simultaneously can lead to excessive vasodilation and hypotension, which can be dangerous. Therefore, this statement indicates a misunderstanding and should be corrected.
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