A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with RSV.
The client is concerned about the risk of transmission to their young grandchildren.
Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
“RSV is most common in adults, so your grandchildren are not at risk.”.
“RSV is most common in children under one year old, so your grandchildren could be at risk.”.
“RSV only affects individuals with compromised immune systems.”.
“RSV cannot be transmitted from person to person.”..
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) primarily affects young children and infants, making them more vulnerable to severe complications.
Adults can also contract the virus, but it is most common and dangerous in children under one year old.
Therefore, stating that RSV is most common in adults is incorrect.
Choice B rationale:
RSV is most common in children under one year old, so your grandchildren could be at risk.
This statement is correct.
RSV is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets.
Infants and young children are more prone to severe infections due to their underdeveloped immune systems.
Hence, the nurse should educate the client that their grandchildren, especially those under one year old, are at risk of contracting RSV.
Choice C rationale:
RSV does affect individuals with compromised immune systems, but it is not limited to them.
Children, especially those under one year old, are also highly susceptible to RSV infections.
Therefore, this statement is not comprehensive and accurate.
Choice D rationale:
RSV can be transmitted from person to person through respiratory secretions.
It is highly contagious, especially in crowded places like daycare centers and hospitals.
This statement is incorrect, as RSV transmission is well-documented.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
RSV infects the squamous epithelial cells of your bronchioles, alveoli, and nasal passages.
This statement is accurate.
RSV primarily targets the respiratory tract, infecting the cells lining the bronchioles, alveoli, and nasal passages.
This infection can lead to symptoms ranging from mild cold-like symptoms to severe respiratory distress, particularly in young children and individuals with weakened immune systems.
Choice B rationale:
RSV does not cause the immune system to attack the body's own cells.
It primarily targets the respiratory system, leading to respiratory symptoms.
Autoimmune responses are not associated with RSV infections.
Choice C rationale:
RSV does not lead to an overproduction of red blood cells.
This statement is incorrect and not related to the pathophysiology of RSV infections.
Choice D rationale:
RSV does not cause the body to stop producing white blood cells.
White blood cells play a crucial role in the immune response, and stopping their production would severely compromise the body's ability to fight infections.
RSV primarily affects the respiratory system and does not directly impact white blood cell production.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Isolating the child from other children or adults with respiratory infections is crucial in preventing the spread of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV).
RSV is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets.
By isolating the infected child, the nurse helps prevent the transmission of the virus to others.
Choice B rationale:
Using contact precautions such as gown and gloves when caring for the child is essential to prevent the spread of RSV.
Direct contact with respiratory secretions can easily lead to transmission.
Wearing protective gear like gowns and gloves creates a barrier, reducing the risk of contamination and spread.
Choice C rationale:
Encouraging frequent hand hygiene is a fundamental preventive measure.
RSV can survive on surfaces for several hours, so regular handwashing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds can help eliminate the virus from hands, reducing the risk of infection.
Choice E rationale:
Avoiding exposure to tobacco smoke is important because smoke irritates the respiratory tract, making individuals more susceptible to respiratory infections like RSV.
Secondhand smoke can also worsen symptoms in infected individuals and increase the severity of the illness.
Choice D rationale:
Allowing siblings to share toys and utensils with the infected child is not recommended.
RSV spreads through respiratory droplets and direct contact with contaminated surfaces.
Sharing toys and utensils can facilitate the transmission of the virus to other children, increasing the risk of infection.
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