A nurse is caring for a client who follows a vegan diet. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following deficiencies?

Magnesium

Vitamin C

Vitamin D

Folic acid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   While it is possible for individuals following a vegan diet to be deficient in magnesium if they do not consume enough plant-based sources, deficiencies in vitamin D are more common due to limited dietary sources and reduced exposure to sunlight.
B.   Vitamin C deficiency is rare in individuals following a vegan diet, as many fruits and vegetables are good sources of this nutrient.
C.   Vitamin D deficiency is common in individuals following a vegan diet, as the primary dietary sources of vitamin D are animal products such as fatty fish, eggs, and fortified dairy products. Vegans may need to rely on fortified foods or supplements to meet their vitamin D needs.
D.   Folic acid deficiency is not typically associated specifically with a vegan diet. However, individuals following any type of restrictive diet should ensure they are consuming adequate amounts of folate-rich foods or consider supplementation if necessary.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Diluting formula with water can decrease the calorie and nutrient content of the formula and is not typically recommended for infants with gastroesophageal reflux.
B. Positioning the newborn at a 20-degree angle after feeding can help reduce gastroesophageal reflux by allowing gravity to assist in keeping stomach contents down.
C. Providing a small feeding just before bedtime may increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux and should be avoided.
D. Placing the newborn in a side-lying position if vomiting is not recommended due to the risk of aspiration. Infants should be placed on their back to sleep to reduce the risk of sudden infant
death syndrome (SIDS).

A. “A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception." B. "Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU." C. "Serum bilirubin should be monitored one to two times per month during pregnancy." D. "Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. For individuals with PKU who are planning a pregnancy, it is recommended to follow a low- protein diet prior to conception to minimize the risk of maternal phenylalanine levels causing harm to the developing fetus.

B. Breastfeeding does not prevent a baby from developing PKU. Babies born to mothers with PKU need special formula to avoid the harmful effects of high levels of phenylalanine in breast milk.
C. Monitoring serum bilirubin levels is not specific to PKU management during pregnancy.

D. Consumption of diet sodas is not directly related to PKU management during pregnancy.

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A nurse is caring for a client who follows a vegan diet. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following deficiencies?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a newborn who has gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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