A nurse is caring for a client.

Nurses' Notes 0900:

Client reports a 3-month history of intermittent diarrhea and abdominal pain. Reports unintentional weight loss of 5.5 kg (12 lb) in 3 months.

0930:

Stool sample obtained for fecal occult blood test. Fatty appearance and foul odor noted.

For each assessment finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, or Crohn's disease. Each finding may support more than 1 disease process.

Weight loss

Steatorrhea

Anemia

Diarrhea

Fever

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,C"},"B":{"answers":"C"},"C":{"answers":"A,C"},"D":{"answers":"A,C"},"E":{"answers":"C"}}

A. Weight loss - Consistent with: Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease

B. Steatorrhea - Consistent with: Crohn's disease

C. Anemia - Consistent with: Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease

D. Diarrhea - Consistent with: Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease

E. Fever - Consistent with: Crohn's disease

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","G","H"]

Explanation

The correct answer is:Choices c, e, g, h, and a.

Choice A rationale (Current medications): The client is taking Ibuprofen 800 mg three times daily as needed for arthritis pain.Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause gastrointestinal irritation, ulcers, and bleeding, especially when used at high doses or for a prolonged period 1 2. Given the client’s symptoms of abdominal pain and a history of dark, tarry stool, the medication could be contributing to these symptoms and warrants further investigation.

Choice B rationale (Temperature): The client’s temperature is 37.5° C (99.5° F), which is within the normal range 3 4. Therefore, it does not require immediate follow-up.

Choice C rationale (Hemoglobin and hematocrit): The client’s hemoglobin level is 9.1 g/dL, which is lower than the normal range of about 13.0 to 17.5 g/dL for adult males and 12.0 to 15.5 g/dL for adult females 5 6.The client’s hematocrit is 27%, which is also lower than the normal range of about 38.3% to 48.6% for adult males and 35.5% to 44.9% for adult females 7.Low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels can indicate anemia, which could explain the client’s reported fatigue and pale mucous membranes 8 7.

Choice D rationale (WBC count): The client’s WBC count is 6,700/mm3, which falls within the normal range of about 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs per microliter 9 10. Therefore, it does not require immediate follow-up.

Choice E rationale (Blood pressure): The client’s blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, which is lower than the normal range 11. Low blood pressure can cause symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, or blurred vision and requires immediate follow-up.

Choice F rationale (Respiratory rate): The client’s respiratory rate is 18 breaths per minute, which is within the normal range for adults of about 12 to 20 breaths per minute 4 12. Therefore, it does not require immediate follow-up.

Choice G rationale (Stool results): The client’s stool tested positive for blood (Hemoccult positive), which could indicate gastrointestinal bleeding 13. This finding, combined with the client’s reported abdominal pain and history of dark, tarry stool, requires immediate follow-up.

Choice H rationale (Heart rate): The client’s heart rate is 118 beats per minute, which is higher than the normal range for adults of about 60 to 100 beats per minute 14.A high heart rate, or tachycardia, can be caused by factors such as stress, anxiety, physical exertion, dehydration, and certain medical conditions 14. Given the client’s reported symptoms and medical history, this finding warrants immediate follow-up.

A. Headache B. Shortness of breath C. Dizziness D. Epistaxis

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Headache can be associated with various conditions, but it is not a specific manifestation of hypovolemia.
B. Incorrect. Shortness of breath can occur in conditions affecting the respiratory system, such as pneumonia or asthma, but it is not a primary manifestation of hypovolemia.
C. Correct. Dizziness is a common manifestation of hypovolemia due to decreased blood volume and inadequate perfusion to the brain.
D. Incorrect. Epistaxis (nosebleed) might not be directly related to hypovolemia. It could be associated with other factors, such as dry air or nasal irritation.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Exhibits The nurse reviews the client's laboratory findings and vital signs. Select the 5 findings that require immediate follow-up.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","G","H"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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