A nurse is caring for a client in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for GERD."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for stomach cancer."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for intestinal cancer."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for lung disease."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. A hiatal hernia can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) because the hernia can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to malfunction, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. This increases the risk of reflux symptoms, such as heartburn and regurgitation.
B. There is no direct link between a hiatal hernia and an increased risk for stomach cancer. While long-term GERD can contribute to other esophageal issues, such as Barrett’s esophagus, it does not directly cause stomach cancer.
C. A hiatal hernia does not increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Its primary association is with GERD and related complications.
D. A hiatal hernia is not associated with an increased risk for lung disease. However, severe GERD symptoms can cause respiratory issues such as aspiration pneumonia, but this is not the same as directly increasing the risk of lung disease.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Encouraging coughing and deep breathing is important for promoting the clearance of respiratory secretions. However, while it aids in mobilizing secretions, it does not directly thin the mucus.
B. Frequent ambulation helps to improve overall lung function and prevent complications like pneumonia, but it does not specifically thin respiratory secretions.
C. Increasing fluid intake helps thin the respiratory secretions by providing hydration, making it easier for the body to expel mucus through coughing. Hydration is critical for reducing the viscosity of sputum, thus promoting its removal.
D. Regular use of the incentive spirometer helps prevent atelectasis and improve lung expansion but does not directly affect the thinning of respiratory secretions.

A. Rosebud-like stoma orifice B. Shiny, moist stoma C. Purplish-colored stoma D. Stoma oozing red drainage

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A rosebud-like stoma orifice is a normal finding. It refers to a stoma that has a rounded, pink appearance, which is healthy and typical after surgery.
B. A shiny, moist stoma is a normal finding. This appearance indicates good circulation and healing.
C. A purplish-colored stoma is abnormal and should be reported to the provider immediately. This color suggests possible ischemia or poor circulation, which may require intervention to prevent complications such as necrosis of the stoma.
D. Stoma oozing red drainage is normal, especially in the early postoperative period. It indicates that the stoma is healing properly. However, if the drainage is excessive or if the client shows signs of infection, it would need further evaluation.

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A nurse is caring for a client in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse in a post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) is assessing a client who has a newly created colostomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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