A nurse is caring for a client in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for GERD."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for stomach cancer."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for intestinal cancer."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for lung disease."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. A hiatal hernia can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) because the hernia can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to malfunction, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. This increases the risk of reflux symptoms, such as heartburn and regurgitation.
B. There is no direct link between a hiatal hernia and an increased risk for stomach cancer. While long-term GERD can contribute to other esophageal issues, such as Barrett’s esophagus, it does not directly cause stomach cancer.
C. A hiatal hernia does not increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Its primary association is with GERD and related complications.
D. A hiatal hernia is not associated with an increased risk for lung disease. However, severe GERD symptoms can cause respiratory issues such as aspiration pneumonia, but this is not the same as directly increasing the risk of lung disease.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Petroleum jelly should not be used on the nares with oxygen therapy, as it is flammable and could pose a fire hazard. Non-petroleum-based lubricants should be used if needed.
B. A humidifier should be attached to the flow meter when delivering oxygen at higher flow rates (such as 6 L/min) to prevent dryness and irritation of the mucous membranes in the nose and throat.
C. The nasal cannula should generally be kept on during meals to ensure continued oxygen therapy, unless it is uncomfortable or the client has other medical needs.
D. The oxygen tubing should be secured to the client’s body or clothing in a way that does not restrict movement or cause injury, but securing it to the bed sheet could lead to a potential tripping hazard or interfere with mobility.

A. Administer anticoagulant medications. B. Monitor vital signs every 4 hours. C. Encourage the patient to consume a high-fiber diet. D. Assist with the insertion and removal of the balloon tamponade device.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administering anticoagulant medications is contraindicated in patients with bleeding esophageal varices. Anticoagulants could worsen bleeding and complicate the condition further. The goal in managing esophageal varices is to control the bleeding, not to increase the risk of bleeding.
B. Monitoring vital signs frequently is critical in patients with bleeding esophageal varices, as they are at risk for hypovolemic shock. Vital signs should be monitored closely to assess for signs of bleeding, hemodynamic instability, and response to interventions. Typically, more frequent monitoring (every 15 minutes initially, then every hour) is indicated, not just every 4 hours.
C. A high-fiber diet is not appropriate for patients with bleeding esophageal varices. This can increase intra-abdominal pressure and may worsen bleeding. The diet should be tailored to the patient's needs, typically involving low-residue or soft foods depending on their condition.
D. Assisting with the insertion and removal of the balloon tamponade device should be done by a skilled provider, not the nurse. The nurse's role involves monitoring for complications, ensuring proper positioning, and assessing the patient's response to treatment.

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A nurse is caring for a client in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia and a prescription for oxygen therapy at 6 L/min via nasal cannula. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient is being treated for bleeding esophageal varices with balloon tamponade. Which of the following nursing actions will the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Which patient should the nurse assess first after receiving a change-of-shift report?

A nurse is caring for a client in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?

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The nurse understands that the primary symptoms of a sliding hiatal hernia are associated with reflux. Therefore, the nurse should assess the client with a hiatal hernia for which of the following symptoms?

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