A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old who was admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. Which finding indicates that oral rehydration therapy has been effective?

Capillary refill greater than 3 seconds

Respiratory rate 24/min

Urine specific gravity 1.015 (nl. 1.005-1.030)

Heart rate 130/bpm

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. A capillary refill greater than 3 seconds suggests ongoing dehydration and poor perfusion, indicating that oral rehydration has not been fully effective.

B. A respiratory rate of 24/min is within normal limits for a 4-year-old but is not a direct indicator of hydration status.

C. A urine specific gravity of 1.015 is within the normal range, indicating adequate hydration and that oral rehydration therapy has been effective.

D. A heart rate of 130 bpm, while potentially normal for a 4-year-old, does not specifically indicate the effectiveness of rehydration therapy.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Passing tar-like stools is normal for newborns within the first few days of life and does not indicate Hirschsprung disease.

B. Limited stooling and poor weight gain may suggest feeding issues but are not as indicative of Hirschsprung disease as the absence of stool.

C. The absence of stool (failure to pass meconium within 24-48 hours) is a classic sign of Hirschsprung disease, a condition where the absence of ganglion cells in the intestines leads to a blockage.

D. Passing hard, pellet-like stools may indicate constipation but is not specific to Hirschsprung disease, especially in a newborn.

A. Decreased urine specific gravity B. Hypotension C. Positive antistreptolysin O titer D. Low blood urea nitrogen and creatinine

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Decreased urine specific gravity is not typical; rather, increased specific gravity may be noted due to concentrated urine.

B. Hypotension is not usually associated with acute glomerulonephritis; hypertension is more common due to fluid retention and renal impairment.

C. A positive antistreptolysin O titer indicates a recent streptococcal infection, which is often the cause of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.

D. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels are expected due to impaired kidney function, not low levels.

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A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old who was admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. Which finding indicates that oral rehydration therapy has been effective?

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