A nurse is assisting with the development of an in-service about client advocacy. Which of the following information should the nurse include when describing advocacy?

Encourages the expression of feelings about illness

Reinforces teaching about prescribed medications

Collaborates with other team members

Supports the client's needs

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Encouraging the expression of feelings about illness can be a part of patient-centered care, but it does not fully encompass the role of advocacy, which involves more comprehensive support for the client's needs.
B. Reinforcing teaching about prescribed medications is important but falls under education and patient care rather than advocacy itself.
C. Collaboration with other team members is essential in providing holistic care but does not solely represent advocacy, which focuses more on the client's interests.
D. Supporting the client's needs is the core of advocacy, as it involves standing up for the client's rights, preferences, and well-being within the healthcare system.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Ecchymoses (bruising) over the buttocks and lower back in an older adult could be a sign of physical abuse or an underlying bleeding disorder, and it should be reported immediately.
B. Hirsutism, or increased facial and chest hair, is a common age-related change and does not usually require reporting unless it indicates an endocrine disorder.
C. Reduced skin elasticity is a normal age-related finding due to decreased collagen and elastin in aging skin.
D. Increased macules, or age spots, are benign and typical with aging, especially with prolonged sun exposure, and do not require reporting.

A. The client has had postoperative emesis. B. The client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. C. The client's urinary output is 30 mL over 1 hr. D. The client has mottling in the affected leg.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Postoperative emesis is a common occurrence and may not be critical unless it persists or is accompanied by other concerning signs.
B. While an 8 out of 10 pain level is significant, it can be managed with appropriate interventions and does not indicate an immediate complication.
C. Urinary output of 30 mL over 1 hour is low but does not necessarily indicate a critical condition that requires immediate intervention.
D. Mottling in the affected leg is a serious finding that may indicate compromised circulation or a thromboembolic event, making it the priority for reporting to the provider.

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A nurse is assisting with the development of an in-service about client advocacy. Which of the following information should the nurse include when describing advocacy?

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