A nurse is assisting with teaching a client who has obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) about continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
The CPAP device should fit loosely on the face.
The CPAP device delivers less pressure during exhalation than inhalation.
The CPAP device requires an invasive ventilation tube.
The CPAP device should be placed over the nose.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
The CPAP device should not fit loosely on the face. It should fit snugly to create a proper seal and maintain positive airway pressure. A loose-fitting CPAP mask may not effectively treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Choice B rationale:
The CPAP device typically delivers consistent pressure throughout both inhalation and exhalation. It does not deliver less pressure during exhalation. The purpose of CPAP is to maintain a constant pressure to keep the airway open during both phases of the respiratory cycle.
Choice C rationale:
The CPAP device does not require an invasive ventilation tube. It uses a mask that covers the nose or both the nose and mouth to deliver positive airway pressure. It is non-invasive and is designed to keep the airway open by delivering pressurized air.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is not accurate and may confuse the client. In a Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) system, a predetermined dose is delivered when the patient activates the device. The dose is usually controlled to prevent excessive medication administration.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is correct. The essence of PCA is that the patient has control over administering their pain medication within set limits or time intervals. The patient can self-administer doses when needed, ensuring effective pain management.
Choice C rationale:
Allowing the partner to push the PCA button for the patient is not recommended. PCA systems are designed to be controlled by the patient themselves to prevent potential overdosing. Involving someone else in the administration can lead to safety concerns.
Choice D rationale:
PCA systems do not deliver medication into the muscle. They typically deliver medication intravenously (IV) or subcutaneously. This statement is inaccurate and could lead to misconceptions about how the PCA system works.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is D. "I will call for pain medication before the previous dose wears off."
Choice A rationale:
This statement indicates a misunderstanding of pain management. Avoiding medication to prevent addiction can lead to uncontrolled pain, which can hinder recovery and increase the risk of complications.
Choice B rationale:
While this statement shows the client is aware of their pain, waiting until it becomes intolerable can result in periods of severe discomfort and potential setbacks in recovery.
Choice C rationale:
Relying on a nurse to evaluate pain before requesting medication can delay pain relief, leading to unnecessary suffering and potential complications.
Choice D rationale:
This statement indicates an understanding of proactive pain management. By requesting medication before the previous dose wears off, the client helps maintain consistent pain control, which is crucial for recovery and preventing pain escalation.
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