A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral neuropathy due to diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Decreased sensation in the feet and lower legs.

Increased muscle tone and reflexes in the upper limbs.

Decreased pain perception in the hands and fingers.

Increased sweating and flushing in the face and neck.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

This is the correct answer because peripheral neuropathy affects the sensory nerves, which can cause loss of sensation, especially in the distal parts of the body. Diabetes mellitus is a common cause of peripheral neuropathy.

Choice B reason:

This is incorrect because peripheral neuropathy does not affect the motor nerves, which control muscle tone and reflexes. Increased muscle tone and reflexes in the upper limbs are more likely to indicate a central nervous system disorder, such as a stroke or spinal cord injury.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because peripheral neuropathy can cause decreased pain perception in any part of the body, not just the hands and fingers. However, this is not a specific finding for peripheral neuropathy, as other conditions can also impair pain perception, such as spinal cord injury or opioid use.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because peripheral neuropathy does not affect the autonomic nerves, which control sweating and flushing. Increased sweating and flushing in the face and neck are more likely to indicate a sympathetic nervous system disorder, such as pheochromocytoma or carcinoid syndrome.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is incorrect because expressive aphasia is a type of aphasia that affects the ability to produce speech, but not to comprehend it. A client with expressive aphasia would be able to respond verbally, but with difficulty or errors.

Choice B reason:

This is the correct answer because receptive aphasia is a type of aphasia that affects the ability to comprehend speech, but not to produce it. A client with receptive aphasia would not be able to respond verbally, as they do not understand what is being asked.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because global aphasia is a type of aphasia that affects both the ability to produce and comprehend speech. A client with global aphasia would not be able to respond verbally or nonverbally, as they have no language function.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because anomic aphasia is a type of aphasia that affects the ability to recall specific words or names, but not the general ability to produce or comprehend speech. A client with anomic aphasia would be able to respond verbally, but with pauses or substitutions.

A. Wear tight-fitting shoes to prevent foot injuries. B. Use a heating pad to relieve pain in the affected areas. C. Inspect your skin daily for cuts, blisters, or ulcers. D. Avoid taking vitamin B supplements to prevent toxicity.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is incorrect because wearing tight-fitting shoes can cause pressure ulcers, blisters, or infections in clients with peripheral neuropathy, who have reduced sensation and blood flow in their feet. The nurse should advise the client to wear well-fitting shoes with cushioned socks and avoid walking barefoot.

Choice B reason:

This is incorrect because using a heating pad can cause burns or skin damage in clients with peripheral neuropathy, who have impaired temperature perception and pain sensation in their affected areas. The nurse should advise the client to avoid exposure to extreme heat or cold and use other methods to relieve pain, such as medications, massage, or acupuncture.

Choice C reason:

This is the correct answer because inspecting the skin daily for cuts, blisters, or ulcers can help prevent infection and complications in clients with peripheral neuropathy, who have reduced sensation and healing ability in their affected areas. The nurse should advise the client to wash their skin with mild soap and water, apply moisturizer, and report any signs of infection to their provider.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because taking vitamin B supplements can help prevent or treat peripheral neuropathy caused by vitamin B deficiency, which can occur in clients who receive chemotherapy. The nurse should advise the client to consult with their provider before taking any supplements and follow a balanced diet that includes foods rich in vitamin B, such as meat, eggs, dairy products, and fortified cereals.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral neuropathy due to diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

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