A nurse is analyzing the results from a 6 year-old child's voiding cystourethrograrn. which indicates there is a significant amount of urinary reflux. Which Of the following recurrent medical conditions should the nurse identify as being an increased risk for this client to develop? (Select All that Apply.)
Urethral obstruction
Upper urinary tract infections
Chronic kidney disease
Phimosis
Hydrocele
Correct Answer : B,C
A. Urethral obstruction – Incorrect. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) does not directly cause urethral obstruction, which is typically due to structural abnormalities.
B. Upper urinary tract infections – Correct. VUR increases the risk of recurrent pyelonephritis (upper UTI) due to retrograde urine flow.
C. Chronic kidney disease – Correct. Repeated kidney infections and scarring from VUR can lead to chronic kidney disease over time.
D. Phimosis – Incorrect. Phimosis (tight foreskin) is unrelated to VUR.
E. Hydrocele – Incorrect. Hydrocele involves fluid accumulation around the testicle and is not related to urinary reflux.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. The child’s parent applies the prescribed medication instructed. – Correct. Proper administration of medication helps prevent infection and promotes healing.
B. The parent allows their child to attempt to lift their older sibling above the ground. – Incorrect. Strenuous activities should be avoided to prevent tube displacement.
C. The child’s parent enforces nose blowing when necessary. – Incorrect. Nose blowing should be avoided as it can increase pressure and dislodge the tubes.
D. The child’s parent states that they developed a plan to have their child use earplugs in the shower. – Correct. Water should be kept out of the ears to prevent infection.
E. The parent noticed purulent drainage from their child's ear and immediately reported it to the surgeon. – Correct. Reporting drainage helps identify potential infections early.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Wash the face once a day using hot water. – Incorrect. Hot water can strip natural oils and worsen irritation. Lukewarm water is recommended.
B. Wash the face weekly to avoid irritation. – Incorrect. Infrequent washing can lead to buildup of oil and bacteria, worsening acne.
C. Scrub the face three times a day. – Incorrect. Excessive scrubbing can irritate the skin and increase inflammation.
D. Use pH-balanced skin care products. – Correct. Mild, pH-balanced cleansers help maintain the skin barrier and reduce acne severity.
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