A nurse is analyzing the laboratory data on a client who has dehydration. Which finding should the nurse anticipate in a client who has fluid volume deficit?
Decreased serum osmolarity
Decreased hematocrit
Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Lower urine specific gravity
The Correct Answer is C
A. Decreased serum osmolarity: Fluid volume deficit typically leads to an increase in serum osmolarity due to concentration of solutes in the blood, not a decrease.
B. Decreased hematocrit: Dehydration causes hemoconcentration, leading to an increase in hematocrit, not a decrease.
C. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN): Dehydration results in decreased renal perfusion and concentration of urea in the blood, leading to elevated BUN levels.
D. Lower urine specific gravity: Dehydration causes increased urine concentration, resulting in higher urine specific gravity, not lower.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A.
A. "Reporting the incident to Adult Protective Services" is crucial when there are signs of elder abuse or neglect. This action ensures that appropriate interventions are initiated to protect the client.
B. "Interviewing the client with his adult child present" may not allow the client to speak freely, especially if the adult child is the perpetrator or involved in the abuse. Confidentiality and safety are essential considerations.
C. "Telling the client he must answer every assessment question" can be intimidating and may not facilitate open communication, especially in situations involving abuse.
D. "Advising the client to consult a social worker" may be appropriate after reporting the incident to Adult Protective Services, but it is not the initial action to take when abuse is suspected. Reporting to authorities is the priority to ensure the client's safety.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A.
A. Discarding opened cans of formula after 24 hours helps prevent bacterial contamination and growth, which can contribute to diarrhea in clients receiving enteral feedings.
B. Extension tubing should be replaced according to institutional policy and manufacturer recommendations, typically every 24 to 48 hours, but it is not directly related to diarrhea management.
C. Irrigating the tubing with warm water is not a standard practice for managing diarrhea in clients receiving enteral feedings and may disrupt the client's fluid and electrolyte balance.
D. Increasing the infusion rate of enteral feedings is not indicated for managing diarrhea and may exacerbate the problem by overwhelming the client's gastrointestinal tract. The rate of enteral feeding should be adjusted based on the client's nutritional needs and tolerance, as determined by the healthcare provider.
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