A nurse is analyzing the laboratory data on a client who has dehydration. Which finding should the nurse anticipate in a client who has fluid volume deficit?
Decreased serum osmolarity
Decreased hematocrit
Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Lower urine specific gravity
The Correct Answer is C
A. Decreased serum osmolarity: Fluid volume deficit typically leads to an increase in serum osmolarity due to concentration of solutes in the blood, not a decrease.
B. Decreased hematocrit: Dehydration causes hemoconcentration, leading to an increase in hematocrit, not a decrease.
C. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN): Dehydration results in decreased renal perfusion and concentration of urea in the blood, leading to elevated BUN levels.
D. Lower urine specific gravity: Dehydration causes increased urine concentration, resulting in higher urine specific gravity, not lower.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A.
A. Asymmetric lesions with variegated (multiple) colors are characteristic features of melanoma, a type of skin cancer. Asymmetry means one half of the lesion does not match the other half in size, shape, or color.
B. Scaly and red lesions may indicate other skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis but are not specific to skin cancer.
C. Brown lesions with a wart-like texture may indicate seborrheic keratosis, a benign skin growth, rather than skin cancer.
D. Firm and rubbery lesions may indicate benign skin tumors such as fibromas or lipomas, rather than skin cancer.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A flexible activity schedule may increase overstimulation; structured activities with set limits are more appropriate for clients in acute mania.
B. Clients experiencing acute mania often have increased energy expenditure and may neglect meals; providing high-calorie nutritional supplements helps prevent weight loss and maintains adequate nutrition.
C. Eating alone may increase the risk of inadequate intake due to distraction or hyperactivity; supervised or structured meal times are safer.
D. Allowing unrestricted choice of clothing may lead to inappropriate or disorganized attire; guidance is needed to maintain safety and appropriate appearance.
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