A nurse is analyzing the laboratory data on a client who has dehydration. Which finding should the nurse anticipate in a client who has fluid volume deficit?
Decreased serum osmolarity
Decreased hematocrit
Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Lower urine specific gravity
The Correct Answer is C
A. Decreased serum osmolarity: Fluid volume deficit typically leads to an increase in serum osmolarity due to concentration of solutes in the blood, not a decrease.
B. Decreased hematocrit: Dehydration causes hemoconcentration, leading to an increase in hematocrit, not a decrease.
C. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN): Dehydration results in decreased renal perfusion and concentration of urea in the blood, leading to elevated BUN levels.
D. Lower urine specific gravity: Dehydration causes increased urine concentration, resulting in higher urine specific gravity, not lower.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A client who is 3 hr post Foley catheter removal and has not voided - While this may require assessment, it is not as urgent as assessing a client with potentially significant respiratory complications.
B. A client who is 3 days postoperative colectomy with a large, loose melena stool - While melena may indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, the client is not actively experiencing a respiratory issue.
C. A client who is 1 day postoperative total hip replacement with a pain level of 7 on a scale of 0 to 10 - Pain is important to address, but it is not as urgent as respiratory distress.
D. A client who is coughing up pink-tinged sputum following a bronchoscopy and lung biopsy 1 hr ago - Pink-tinged sputum may indicate bleeding from the respiratory tract, which could be a complication of the procedure and requires immediate assessment and intervention.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A.
A. Clear fluid drainage from the nares, especially if it is continuous or persistent, may indicate a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, which can occur with a skull fracture.
B. Pain around the eyes is more commonly associated with a nasal fracture or orbital fracture, rather than a skull fracture.
C. Dried blood in the mouth may indicate nasal bleeding but does not necessarily indicate a skull fracture.
D. Mandibular asymmetry may indicate a jaw fracture or injury but is not typically associated with a skull fracture.
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