A nurse in the newborn nursery is caring for an infant who has trisomy 21. When collecting data, which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A single crease in the palm
A notch in the lip
Extra digits on the hand
An inversion of the foot
The Correct Answer is A
A. A single crease in the palm is correct. A single transverse palmar crease (simian line) is a common finding in infants with trisomy 21.
B. A notch in the lip is not a common finding in trisomy 21. This feature is more associated with other conditions like cleft lip or palate.
C. Extra digits on the hand (polydactyly) is not characteristic of trisomy 21. It is more commonly associated with other genetic conditions.
D. An inversion of the foot (clubfoot) is not a specific finding for trisomy 21. While some infants with trisomy 21 might have foot deformities, this is not a defining characteristic.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Leukorrhea, a normal increase in vaginal discharge, is a common and expected finding during pregnancy. It usually does not require immediate medical intervention unless accompanied by other symptoms.
B. Gingivitis is a common issue during pregnancy due to hormonal changes, but it is generally managed with good oral hygiene and routine dental care. It is not an urgent finding compared to other conditions.
C. Varicose veins are a common condition during pregnancy due to increased blood volume and pressure on the veins. While they can be uncomfortable, they are generally managed through lifestyle changes and do not represent an immediate risk.
D. Dysuria, or painful urination, may indicate a urinary tract infection or another serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. It can lead to complications if untreated, so it is a priority finding that needs to be reported to the provider for further evaluation and treatment.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Experiencing burning during urination is not a normal physiological change during pregnancy and could indicate a urinary tract infection. It is important to report this symptom to a healthcare provider for evaluation and appropriate management.
B. The dark line in the middle of the abdomen, known as the linea nigra, is a common and normal physiological change during pregnancy due to hormonal effects, not an indication of infection. This statement reflects a misunderstanding of normal pregnancy changes.
C. Developing discoloration on the cheeks, often referred to as the "mask of pregnancy" or melasma, is a common and expected physiological change due to hormonal fluctuations. This statement shows that the client understands a normal aspect of pregnancy.
D. Swelling of the fingers and face is not a typical or expected change during pregnancy and could indicate a serious condition such as preeclampsia. While mild swelling of the ankles and feet can be normal, swelling in these areas should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
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