A nurse in a community clinic is assessing a client during a visit for routine health maintenance. Which of the following findings indicates the client is at an increased risk for developing heart disease?
The client has a body mass index of 23.
The client recently started vaping.
The client includes insoluble fiber foods in their diet.
The client limits dietary intake of high sugar foods.
The Correct Answer is B
A. The client has a body mass index of 23: A BMI of 23 falls within the normal healthy range (18.5–24.9), which is associated with a lower risk of heart disease compared to overweight or obesity.
B. The client recently started vaping: Vaping introduces nicotine and other harmful chemicals that can increase heart rate, blood pressure, and promote inflammation, all of which elevate the risk for cardiovascular disease. Although often perceived as safer than smoking, vaping still poses significant heart health risks.
C. The client includes insoluble fiber foods in their diet: Insoluble fiber supports digestive health and can indirectly reduce heart disease risk by promoting overall healthy eating habits, but it does not directly increase cardiovascular risk.
D. The client limits dietary intake of high sugar foods: Reducing high sugar intake helps prevent obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, all of which decrease the risk of heart disease, so this behavior is protective rather than a risk factor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Receives hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease: Hemodialysis increases the risk for hepatitis B and C due to potential exposure to contaminated blood or equipment, but it is not a primary risk factor for hepatitis A, which is spread via the fecal-oral route.
B. Cares for infants at a day care center: Day care workers are at increased risk for hepatitis A due to frequent exposure to fecal matter, especially when caring for diapered children who may be asymptomatic carriers of the virus.
C. Immigrated to the US, as a young adolescent: While certain countries have higher rates of hepatitis A, immigration alone does not inherently increase risk unless the person was exposed to poor sanitation or contaminated food or water before moving.
D. Reports prior IV drug use as an adolescent: IV drug use is a well-known risk factor for hepatitis B and C due to bloodborne transmission, but it is less commonly associated with hepatitis A, which is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food or water.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Disregard differences in the nurse's and clients' beliefs: Ignoring differences in beliefs can create barriers to effective spiritual care and decrease client engagement. Understanding and respecting clients' beliefs is essential for meaningful outcomes.
B. Reassess the social demographics of the faith community: If outcomes are not met, it’s important to review characteristics like age, culture, language, and spiritual needs of the community. This helps tailor the program to better fit the population and increase its relevance and effectiveness.
C. Apply objective measurements for the outcomes: While measuring outcomes is important, if initial goals were not achieved, reassessment of the community context is necessary before changing measurement methods.
D. Provide programs without an emphasis on spiritual care: Removing spiritual care defeats the purpose of the program and may decrease client satisfaction and holistic support. Instead, adaptations should enhance relevance, not eliminate focus.
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