A new mother is voicing concern she is breastfeeding her newborn too frequently.
How often does the nurse instruct this mother she should expect her newborn to feed?

Choice A rationale:
While it's important to provide appropriate food quantities for children, advising that food quantities must be carefully measured to avoid overfeeding may be overly restrictive. Children's appetites can vary, and strict measurements may not be necessary. Instead, it's essential to offer a balanced diet with a variety of foods and let the child's hunger cues guide their intake. Overemphasis on precise measurements may lead to unnecessary stress for both parents and children.
Choice B rationale:
Using 1 tablespoon of each food for each year of age as a guideline is a practical and straightforward approach to portion control for toddlers. It provides a general guideline that can help parents ensure that their child is receiving an appropriate amount of food for their age and developmental stage. This approach is flexible and easy for parents to follow. It also encourages a balanced diet, as it implies that a child should receive a variety of foods in appropriate quantities.
Choice C rationale:
Stating that a toddler should eat three balanced meals and snacks are not necessary oversimplifies the feeding recommendations. While balanced meals are important, toddlers have varying energy needs, and some may require snacks to maintain their energy levels. Snacks can be an essential part of a toddler's diet, especially if there is a long gap between meals. Therefore, it's important to consider individual needs and not dismiss snacks outright.
Choice D rationale:
Serving sizes should not exceed 1 teaspoon of each type of food is overly restrictive and may not provide toddlers with the necessary nutrition. While it's crucial to introduce foods in appropriate portions, limiting serving sizes to just one teaspoon may not meet the nutritional needs of a growing child. This approach may lead to underfeeding and nutrient deficiencies, which is not advisable for healthy development. A more balanced and flexible guideline, such as the one provided in choice B, is a better recommendation.

Choice A rationale:

Artificialism is a cognitive development concept proposed by Jean Piaget. It refers to a child's tendency to attribute human-made characteristics to natural objects or phenomena. In this case, the child associating the color green with peas as a reason not to eat them is an example of artificialism. The child is attributing the color to the object, assuming that all green things are peas, which is a typical thought process for a child at this age.

Choice B rationale:

Centering is not the appropriate concept in this scenario. Centering typically refers to a child's tendency to focus on one aspect of an object or situation while ignoring others. The child's statement about peas being green is more related to artificialism, where the child is making associations based on their limited understanding of the world.

Choice C rationale:

Egocentrism is another concept by Piaget, where children have difficulty understanding the perspective of others. It's not directly related to the child's statement about peas being green. Egocentrism would be more evident in situations where the child struggles to consider another person's viewpoint.

Choice D rationale:

Animism is a concept that relates to children attributing lifelike qualities or characteristics to inanimate objects or natural phenomena. While it shares similarities with artificialism, the child's statement about peas being green is more accurately described as artificialism because it involves attributing a human-made characteristic (color) to the object (peas).