A neonate, 16 hours old, is in the NICU for respiratory distress. A chest X-Ray reveals heart failure. Lab results indicate: AB positive blood type, a positive Coomb’s test, serum bilirubin 16mg/dl, and severe anemia. The vital signs are 98.6 (F), HR 166, R 70. The infant is jaundiced from face to sole of feet and has generalized edema. What condition does the infant have?

Kernicterus.

Severe cardiac anomaly.

Respiratory distress syndrome.

Hydrops fetalis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale
Kernicterus is a rare type of brain damage that occurs in a newborn with severe jaundice. It happens when a substance in the blood, bilirubin, builds up to very high levels and spreads into the brain tissues. This condition can cause athetoid cerebral palsy and hearing loss. Kernicterus also causes problems with vision and teeth and sometimes can cause intellectual disabilities. However, the symptoms provided do not align with this condition.
Choice B rationale
A severe cardiac anomaly could cause heart failure and respiratory distress, but it would not explain the positive Coomb’s test, high bilirubin levels, severe anemia, jaundice, and generalized edema.
Choice C rationale
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common problem in premature babies. It causes babies to need extra oxygen and help with breathing. RDS occurs most often in babies born before the 28th week of pregnancy and can be a problem for babies born before 37 weeks of pregnancy. It’s caused by a lack of a slippery substance called surfactant, which helps the lungs inflate with air and keeps them from collapsing. However, the symptoms provided do not align with this condition.
Choice D rationale
Hydrops fetalis is a severe, life-threatening problem of severe edema (swelling) in the fetus and newborn. It is also called hydrops. There are two types of hydrops fetalis: immune and nonimmune. Immune hydrops fetalis is a complication of a severe form of Rh incompatibility, which can be prevented. Nonimmune hydrops fetalis occurs as a result of other diseases, such as infections, heart or lung defects, liver disease, or genetic disorders, which aligns with the symptoms provided.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A Pap smear is not helpful in identifying ovarian cancer. It is used to detect cervical cancer, not ovarian cancer.
Choice B rationale
While the CA-125 blood test can indicate the presence of ovarian cancer if the levels are elevated, it is not a reliable screening test. This is because high levels of CA-125 can also be caused by common conditions such as endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory disease.
Choice C rationale
Genetic testing for two genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) can identify an increased risk for developing ovarian cancer, but it does not diagnose the disease itself.
Choice D rationale
Currently, there is no reliable screening test for ovarian cancer. The most effective strategies for early detection are being aware of the symptoms and maintaining regular check-ups with your healthcare provider.

A. Sporadic vaginal bleeding accompanied by chronic pelvic pain B. Heavy leukorrhea with vulvar pruritus C. Menstrual irregularities and hirsutism on the chin D. Stress incontinence with a feeling of low abdominal pressure .

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Sporadic vaginal bleeding accompanied by chronic pelvic pain is not typically associated with a woman who has had multiple pregnancies and is admitted for repair of cystocele and rectocele.
Choice B rationale
Heavy leukorrhea with vulvar pruritus is not typically associated with a woman who has had multiple pregnancies and is admitted for repair of cystocele and rectocele.
Choice C rationale
Menstrual irregularities and hirsutism on the chin are not typically associated with a woman who has had multiple pregnancies and is admitted for repair of cystocele and rectocele.
Choice D rationale
Stress incontinence with a feeling of low abdominal pressure is a common symptom in women who have had multiple pregnancies and are admitted for repair of cystocele and rectocele. Multiple pregnancies can weaken the pelvic floor muscles, leading to conditions like cystocele and rectocele. Stress incontinence, where urine leaks out with increased abdominal pressure (such as when coughing, sneezing, or lifting), is a common symptom of these conditions.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The daughter of a woman who has been diagnosed with ovarian cancer asks the nurse about screening for this cancer. What would be the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

What would the nurse expect to find when taking the health history of a woman admitted for repair of cystocele and rectocele, who has nine living children?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client comes to the clinic with abdominal pain. Based on her history, the nurse suspects endometriosis. When reviewing the woman’s history, the nurse would LEAST likely identify which factor as a possible risk?

The nurse is assessing the laboratory test results of a client with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Which finding should the nurse prioritize?

A woman is scheduled for diagnostic testing to evaluate for endometrial cancer. Which procedure should the nurse prepare the woman for?

The nurse determines that a woman has implemented prescribed therapy for her fibrocystic breast disease when the patient reports that she has eliminated which item from her lifestyle?

The labor nurse is admitting a patient in active labor who has a history of genital herpes. The patient reports a recent outbreak, and the nurse verifies lesions on the perineum. What action should the nurse take in anticipating the plan of care for this patient?

A patient inquires about the gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) procedure. What would be an appropriate response for the nurse to make?

A woman at low risk and with no family history of breast cancer comes to the clinic and asks the nurse about when she should have her first mammogram. According to the recommendations of the American Cancer Society, at what age should the woman have her first mammogram?