A male newborn is diagnosed with polycystic kidneys which requires autosomal dominant transmission.One of the parents is believed to have this genetic disease.
The nurse's teaching should be based on the fact that with autosomal dominant inheritance:
50% of the offspring have a chance of developing the disease from the affected parent.
Diseases are transmitted from a carrier mother to her son.
All of the offspring will develop the disease.
50% of the offspring will be carriers of the disease from the affected parent.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
50% of the offspring have a chance of developing the disease from the affected parent. Autosomal dominant inheritance means that a single copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Thus, each child of an affected parent has a 50% chance of inheriting the condition.
Choice B rationale
Diseases transmitted from a carrier mother to her son typically describe X-linked recessive inheritance, not autosomal dominant. In autosomal dominant conditions, both males and females can be affected, and it doesn't depend on the sex of the parent transmitting the gene.
Choice C rationale
All of the offspring will develop the disease is incorrect. In autosomal dominant inheritance, there is a 50% chance of passing the altered gene to the offspring, not 100%.
Choice D rationale
50% of the offspring will be carriers of the disease from the affected parent is incorrect for autosomal dominant inheritance. There are no "carriers" in autosomal dominant diseases; individuals either have the disease or they don't, based on whether they inherit the altered gene.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While a history of rheumatic heart disease is significant, it does not directly correlate with the need for priority teaching on Quad screening. This condition requires careful cardiac monitoring and management during pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
A history of preterm labor is important and may require additional monitoring and interventions, but it is not a direct indication for priority teaching on Quad screening, which assesses risk for certain fetal conditions.
Choice C rationale
Exposure to HIV requires careful management and monitoring to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission. However, it is not specifically linked to the need for Quad screening, which is focused on detecting chromosomal abnormalities.
Choice D rationale
A history of having a child with spina bifida places this client at higher risk for having another child with neural tube defects or chromosomal abnormalities. Therefore, priority teaching on Quad screening, which includes markers for such conditions, is essential. .
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The sex of the fetus can be determined earlier through ultrasound or blood tests, making amniocentesis at 36 weeks unnecessary for this purpose.
Choice B rationale
Detection of metabolic disorders can also be done earlier in the pregnancy through other tests. Amniocentesis at 36 weeks is not typically used for this purpose.
Choice C rationale
Determining fetal lung maturity is a primary reason for performing an amniocentesis at 36 weeks gestation. This test assesses whether the fetus's lungs are developed enough for the baby to breathe independently after birth.
Choice D rationale
Identification of abnormal fetal cells can be done earlier in pregnancy through amniocentesis or other genetic tests. It is not the primary reason for amniocentesis at 36 weeks.
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