A male newborn is diagnosed with polycystic kidneys which requires autosomal dominant transmission.One of the parents is believed to have this genetic disease.
The nurse's teaching should be based on the fact that with autosomal dominant inheritance:

50% of the offspring have a chance of developing the disease from the affected parent.

Diseases are transmitted from a carrier mother to her son.

All of the offspring will develop the disease.

50% of the offspring will be carriers of the disease from the affected parent.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

50% of the offspring have a chance of developing the disease from the affected parent. Autosomal dominant inheritance means that a single copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Thus, each child of an affected parent has a 50% chance of inheriting the condition.

Choice B rationale

Diseases transmitted from a carrier mother to her son typically describe X-linked recessive inheritance, not autosomal dominant. In autosomal dominant conditions, both males and females can be affected, and it doesn't depend on the sex of the parent transmitting the gene.

Choice C rationale

All of the offspring will develop the disease is incorrect. In autosomal dominant inheritance, there is a 50% chance of passing the altered gene to the offspring, not 100%.

Choice D rationale

50% of the offspring will be carriers of the disease from the affected parent is incorrect for autosomal dominant inheritance. There are no "carriers" in autosomal dominant diseases; individuals either have the disease or they don't, based on whether they inherit the altered gene.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Smoking and heavy alcohol intake can indeed affect the quantity of sperm. Both substances can reduce sperm count and motility, leading to lower fertility rates in men.

Choice B rationale

This statement is incorrect. Both smoking and heavy alcohol use negatively impact fertility by reducing sperm quality and quantity.

Choice C rationale

Waiting for a semen analysis without addressing the known effects of smoking and alcohol is not the best approach. Immediate lifestyle changes can improve fertility outcomes.

Choice D rationale

Any amount of smoking can affect sperm quality and fertility. It's not limited to smoking more than one pack a day. Reducing or eliminating smoking can improve fertility.

A. Being unhoused. B. Lack of health insurance. C. Anxiety disorder. D. Consuming fast food. E. 10th grade education.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Being unhoused can increase stress and instability, potentially leading to polysubstance use as a coping mechanism.

Choice B rationale

Lack of health insurance can limit access to healthcare, making it harder to seek help for substance use disorders and increasing the risk of polysubstance use.

Choice C rationale

Anxiety disorders can lead individuals to self-medicate with multiple substances, increasing the risk of polysubstance use disorder.

Choice D rationale

Consuming fast food is not directly related to polysubstance use disorder.

Choice E rationale

10th-grade education level alone is not a direct indication of polysubstance use disorder.

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A male newborn is diagnosed with polycystic kidneys which requires autosomal dominant transmission.One of the parents is believed to have this genetic disease. The nurse's teaching should be based on the fact that with autosomal dominant inheritance:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During the initial visit with the nurse at the fertility clinic, the patient asks what effect cigarette smoking or heavy alcohol intake has on the ability to conceive.What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the electronic medical record of a pregnant client who reports regular use of alcohol. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client may be at risk for polysubstance use disorder? (Select All that Apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

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A male newborn is diagnosed with polycystic kidneys which requires autosomal dominant transmission.One of the parents is believed to have this genetic disease.
The nurse's teaching should be based on the fact that with autosomal dominant inheritance: